INDEX 



457 



Wax, 93, 101, 161, 174. 



Wellingtonia (Sequoia), cone of, 

 347, 352 (fig.). 



Wetting of leaf-surface, prevention 

 of, 93,'ioi,' 103. 



Wheat (Triticum), grains of, 52 

 ( fi g-), 53, 3 8 4 ; mildew (Ery* 

 siphe graminis), 243 ; rust 

 (Puccinia graminis), 245-7 

 (fig.), 253, 384 ; smut (Us- 

 tilago), 230. 248.;' j_- : 



Whisky, 257. 



White Convolvulus (C. sepium), 

 153 ; Dead Nettle '. (Lamm m 

 album), 4, 165 ; Deal (Picea 

 excels^), 129 ; Lily (Lilium), 

 ; iipj Mustard (Sinapis alba), 

 69; Pine (Abies pectinatd), 

 129 ; Rust of Cruciferae (Cys- 

 topus candidus), 231-4 (fig.) ; 

 Stonecrop (Sedum album), 

 116. 



Wholemeal bread, 52. 



Whorled branching, 310, 311 (fig.) ; 

 - flowers, 355. 



Whortleberry ( V actinium myrtillus), 

 pollen of, 362 (fig.) ; stem of, 



167, 1 68 (fig.). 



Wild Hyacinth (Scilla nutans), 44, 

 365 ; Strawberry (Fragaria 

 vesca), 146. 



Willow (Salix), 48, 103, 137, 139, 

 354, 389 ; wood of, 121, 124, 



126, 128. 



Willow-herb (Epilobium), 103, 174 ; 



pollen of, 362 (fig.). 

 Wilting and stomata, 100. 

 Wind-pollinated plants, 326, 330, 



345, 348, 354, 36i, 373- 

 Wine, 256. 

 Winged stems, 167. 

 Woad (Isatis tinctoria), 48. 

 Wood. See Xylem. 

 Wood Anemone (A. nemorosa), 148, 



248; Sorrel (Oxalis acetosella), 



95 ; Spurge (Euphorbia amyg- 



daloides), 153. 

 Wood-fibres, 33, 121, 123 (fig.), 125, 



127, 128 (fig.). 

 Wood-parenchyma, 79, 83, 86 ; of 



Ferns, 292 (fig.), 293 (fig.) ; of 

 leaf, 112, 113; of secondary 

 wood, 121, 122, 123 (fig.), 124, 

 126, 132. 



Wood-pulp, 35. 



Wood-vessels. See Vessels. 



Woodland plants, structure of, 



168, 169, 173, 379. 



Woody perennials, 40, 364; phloem 

 of, 82 ; root of , 70 ; secondary 

 growth of, 117 et seq._ 



Wound parasites, 252, 253 



Wounds, effect of, 26, 252 ; healing 

 of, 64, 141, 142, 155. , : 



Xanthophyll, 109. 

 Xanthoprotein reaction, 50. 

 Xanthoria parietina, 258 (fig.), 260 



(fig-). 



.Xerophytes, 158. See also Dry 

 habitats, plants of. 



Xylaria hypoxylon, 239 (fig.). 



Xylem, 27, 32, 33, 36, 37, 65 ; 

 function of, 65, 88, 112; 

 primary, 66 et seq., 78 et seq., 

 112 et seq. ; secondary,^ 33, 

 1 1 8, 119-26 (figs.). 



Xylem of, aquatics, 171 (fig.), 172, 

 173 (fig.), 174 (fig-), 176 (fig.) ; 

 Conifers, 37 (fig.), 127, 339 

 (fig.) ; Ferns, 292-4 (figs.) ; 

 leaf of Angiosperms, 107, 112, 

 113 ; parasites and saprophytes, 

 178, 179; petiole, 113 (fig.); 

 root of Angiosperms, 66 et seq. 

 (figs.) ; stem of Angiosperms, 

 78^ seq. (figs.). 



Xylem-canal of aquatics, 171 (fig.), 

 172, 174 (fig.) ; Monocotyle- 

 dons, 36, 85 (fig.), 86. 



Yeast (Saccharomyces), physiology 

 of, 53, 54, 56, 57, 256, 257, 

 265 ; structure and reproduc- 

 tion of, 255, 256 (fig.). 



Yellow Dead-nettle (Lamium gale- 

 obdolon), 1 68, 169 (fig.) ; Pim- 

 pernel (Lysimachia nemorum), 

 1 60 (fig.) ; Pine (Pinus stro- 

 bus), 129; Rattle (Rhinan- 

 thus), 144, 145 (fig.). 



Yew (Taxus baccata), 128, 334, 

 408 ; female cone of, 346 (fig.) ; 

 habit of, 335, 34^ (fig.) ; leaf- 

 structure of, 341, 342 (fig.) ; 

 male cones of, 344, 345, 34 6 

 (fig.) ; ovules of, 346 ; seeds 

 of, 346 (fig.), 35i J stem of, 



339- 

 Yorkshire Fog (Holcus mollis), 112. 



Zea mais, disease of, 248 ; grains 

 of, 45, 52, 53, 384: hybrid- 

 endosperm of, 386 ; leaf of, 



