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stronger branches of other plants, grappling their support 

 with hooks, or by sucker-like structures. The plant infixed, 

 growth alone causing the growing end to ascend ; but it is 

 thought convenient to consider such structures here, as they 

 closely resemble the prehensile and climbing organs of 

 animals. 



The seeds and fruits of many plants are dispersed by hooks or 

 spines which they bear getting entangled amongst the hairs of 

 animals. 



Effected by Hooks : Grasping and Twining : or by Suckers 

 (often combined). 



BY HOOKS. 

 Plants. 



Examples. Vegetative portion, Rose. 

 Climbing-palm. 

 Seeds and Fruits. 



Animals. 



Examples. Arthropoda : many ? 

 Reptilia : Iguana, &c. 

 Mammalia : Sloth, Cat, Bat, &c. 



BY TWINING. 

 Plants. 



Examples. Hop, Ipomcea, Vine, &c. 



Animals. 



Example. Ophiuroidea. 



BY GRASPING 

 Animals. 



Examples. Antedon. 



Rotifera (by "toes"). 

 Crustacea: Birgus. 

 Reptilia : Chameleon. 

 Aves : Parrot. 

 Mammalia : Monkeys, &c. &c. 



