XXXVI 



the roots, holding in solution inorganic salts derived from the 

 soil, and organic matter (sugar, &c.) formed by the plant. 



Chlorophyll-containing organisms (mostly plants) are almost 

 alone amongst living things capable of combining inorganic- 

 matter to form organic. Some bacteria are also said to do this. 



The sap is to the plant much the same as blood to the animal. 



Animals. 



Blood. A coagnlable fluid containing formed elements = blood- 



C3 O 



corpuscles. May be colourless or nearly so, as in most Arthro- 

 poda, Mollusca, Urochorda, and Cephalochorda. Red from 

 presence of Haemoglobin in liquor sanguinis, as in Annelida, 

 and Planorbis amongst Gastropods. Red from presence of 

 Haemoglobin in corpuscles in Solen legumen and Area amongst 

 the Pelecypoda, and Vertebrata generally. Rose-violet in 

 Lingula. Blue when the copper-containing body, Ha^mocyonin. 

 is present, as in Cephalopoda, Arachnida, and Crustacea. 



Functions. The diffusion of nutriment and oxygen, with the 

 removal of waste products from the tissues in all. In some it 

 also diffuses heat, and may effect the erection of certain organs 

 or serve for adornment. 



Examples. Buffy coat, &c. 



Lymph. Mostly a colourless fluid exuded from the blood- 

 vessels into the tissues ; it becomes corpusculate after passing 

 through the lymphatic glands, and is returned to the venous 

 blood. The lymphatics in the walls of the alimentary canal 

 have commonly milk-like contents due to absorbed emulsified 

 fats, &c. ; they are hence called Lacteals. 



" Ductless Glands " Blood and Lymph elaborating 

 Organs. 



Not consisting of Cytogenous-Adenoid Tissue. 

 Chief cells derived in many cases, at least in part, from diverti- 

 ticula of alimentary canal. They lie outside the blood-current. 



Examples. Pineal gland. I s B ' 

 Pituitary body. J 

 Thyroid gland. 

 Adrenals = Supra-renal capsules. 



