HIND-LIMB 151 



features are also of interest : The sartorius and gracilis, 

 which in the Indian Elephant are poorly developed, seem 

 here to be absent. The semitendinosus and semimernbra- 

 nosus are united along their posterior border. The extensor 

 longus digitorum is fleshy to the level of the metatarsals. 

 O.C. 64 xc. 



C. 217. Distal part of the right hind-limb of an Elephant 

 (Efephas africanus], showing the deep muscles. The 

 peroneus longus rises from the outer condyle of the femur 

 The peroneus brevis is attached to metatarsal IV., and 

 the tibialis anticus to metatarsal n., an insertion found 

 also in Hyra.x (Procavia). O.C. 64 xd. 



Miall & Greenwood, Jour. Anat. & Physiol., vol. xii. 

 1878, p. 276. 



C. 218. Right hind-foot of a Horse (Eqnus caballus), showing 

 the course of the great tendons and the modified or 

 rudimentary character of the intrinsic muscles. There 

 are two rudimentary interossei rising respectively from the 

 inner surface of each splint bone their long delicate 

 tendons are lost upon the fetlock. The flexor brevis medii 

 has undergone an important change similar to that seen 

 in the corresponding muscle of the fore-limb by the re- 

 placement of most of the muscle-fibres by white fibrous 

 tissue. The ligament (suspensory ligament of the fetlock) 

 thus formed forks at its lower end, embraces the first 

 phalanx, and is inserted partly into the plantar sesamoids 

 of phalanx I. and partly into the extensor tendon. It 

 effectually prevents any undue extension of the fetlock 

 (metatarso-phalangeal) joint. 



Cunningham, ' Challenger ' Reports, vol. v. 1882, p. 94. 



C. 219. Superficial muscles of the right hind-limb of a Calf 

 (Bos taurus). The general form of the limb (as already 

 indicated in the case of the fore-limb C. 153) is suggestive 

 of rapidity of movement. The muscles of the thigh 

 particularly the extensors are strongly developed, and the 

 flexors of the foot, although not in themselves powerful, 



