HIPPODAMIA. 



Fig. 20 shows the variation in the relation of the mark i to spot 3. 

 same conditions hold as before. 



(a) The distance between and confluence 



of the murk *4 and spot 3. 

 (6) Males. 

 (e) Females. 

 (d) All individuals. 



35 

 The 



() 17 M 16 14 U1811 10 9 S 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 



(6) 00530331 3 (561 10 52 4 3300136147 13 14 1-5 11 T9020000 0152 



(<) 1 1 -2 3 2 2 :, :, 5 5 6 5 4 3 8 5 3 2 2 2 4 5 9 13 8 10 10 1J 8 6 1 1 0=170 



(rf) 1 6 5 3 5 5 C 9 11 11 7 16 9 5 12 9 6 2 3 5 10 7 13 2021 2427 26 16 17 630001 = 327 



FIG. 20. Variation of the distance between and confluence of the mark % and spot 3 in 

 Hippodamia convergent at Fail-field, Washington. 



Fig. 21 (of the relation of spots 1 and 3) gives a curve which is prob- 

 ably trimodal a mode each for the typical species, the variety caseyi 

 (widely separate spots) and the variety quinquesignata (confluent spots). 



(a) Tbe distance between and 

 confluence of spots 1 and 2. 



(b) Males. 



(c) Females. 



(rf) AH individuals. 



(a) 33 22 21 30 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 87 6 5 4 3 3 1 1 -2 3 4 56 78 9 10 11 12 

 (ft) 0001 3 136220 3 C 34 11 21 16 16 2130100011 1 150 1 4 0=114 

 (c) 01011474 24 2 7404 15 20 17 12 2120001120742101 0=129 

 (f)01014510104621063826413329425010ll31857115 0=243 



Fit;. 21 Variation ul tiie distance between and confluence of the spots 1 and 3 in Hippodamia 

 convergent at Fairfleld, Washington. 



The reality of the varieties is conclusively shown in fig. 21. They are 

 not distinguished by sharply limited unit-characters, but are centers of 

 variation. 



