A.NG 



72 



ANG 



elves. The filbert in its husk, and the 

 acorn in its capsule, are examples of an 

 giocarpous fruits. 



ANGIO'URAPHY, from ayytioy, a vessel, 

 and -y^tgftt, to describe. A description of 

 the vessels of the human body. 



ANGIO'LOOY, from cry ^Hov , a vessel, and 

 Xoyo?, discourse. The doctrine of the 

 iblood- vessels and absorbents of the body. 

 : ANGIOMO'NOSPER'MOCS, from avyytto*, a 

 vessel, /uovof, one, and OXIVUM,, seed. Ap- 

 plied to plants which produce only one 

 seed in a pod. 



ANGIOSPEHMIA, the name given by Lin- 

 nseus to an order of plants of the class 

 didynamia, which have their seeds in- 

 closed in a pericarp or seed-vessel. 



ANGIOSTOMA, " a family of univalve 

 shells of the order siphono-brachiata." 

 Name, from a.-yyiiov , a vessel, and p-ropa, 

 a mouth. 



ANGIOTOMY, from efyytiov, a vessel, and 

 ripvu, to cut. The analogy of the san- 

 guiferous and absorbent vessels of the 

 body. The word has been confounded 

 with arteriotomy and phlebotomy. 



ANGLE, Lat. anguhts, a corner, from 

 , a bend. In plane geometry, 



when two straight lines, not lying in the 

 same direction, as AB and AD, meet in 

 a point as at A , the opening between them 

 is called an angle. Thus, the opening 

 commencing at A is called the angle 

 BAD, or DAB; and the lines AB and 

 AD are called its sides or legs. When the 

 legs of the angle intercept less than the 

 fourth part of a circle drawn round the 

 point A, the angle is said to be acute. 

 When exactly a fourth of the circle is 

 similarly intercepted, the angle is called 

 a right angle; but when more is inter- 

 cepted, the angle is obtuse. Thus, BD is 

 less than the fourth ; B C exactly a fourth ; 

 and BE more than a fourth: therefore, 

 the angle BAD is an acute angle; the 

 angle B A C is a right angle ; and the 

 angle BAE is an obtuse angle. And as 

 all circles are supposed to be divided into 

 360, an acute angle will contain less than 

 90 ; a right angle, 90 ; and an obtuse 

 angle, more than 90. The number of 

 degrees which an angle wants of 90, or 

 of being a righ, angle, is called its com- 

 fltment ; and the number of degrees which 



it wants of being equal to two right an- 

 gles, or 180, is called its supplement. Thus, 

 the angle CAD is the complement of the 

 angle D A B, or these angles are comple- 

 ments of each other ; and are also called 

 contiguous or adjacent angles, because one 



leg, AD, is common to both. A solid 



angle is " formed by the meeting of two 

 plane angles, which are not in the same 

 plane, in one point." Euclid. Solid an- 

 gles do not, like other subjects of geome- 

 trical investigation, admit of accurate 

 comparison with one another, as no mul- 

 tiples of them can be taken ; and therefore 

 all reasoning regarding them must be con- 

 fined to the pk.ne angles by which they 



are bounded. A spherical angle is an 



angle made on a sphere by the intersection 

 of two great circles, or by the inclination 

 of the planes of these circles to each other. 



Facial angle, in zoology, signifies the 



angle formed by the intersection of a line 

 drawn from the most prominent part of 

 the frontal bone over the anterior margin 

 of the upper jaw, with another line drawn 

 from the external orifice of the ear-passage 



along the floor of the nasal cavity. The 



frontal angle, in ornithology, is the angle 

 which the upper line of the beak makes 

 with the forehead. 



ANGLE or DRACGHT. When a power is 

 applied to drag or roll a body over a plane 

 surface, it has to overcome two obstacles : 

 one is the friction of the surface over 

 which the body moves, and the other the 

 weight of the body itself. There is, in 

 every case, a certain direction of the 

 drawing power which is best adapted to 

 overcome these combined obstacles ; and 

 the angle made by the line of direction 

 with a line upon the plane over which 

 the body is drawn, and perpendicular to 

 that line of direction, is termed the angle 

 of draught. 



ANGLE OF INCIDENCE. See REFLECTION. 



ANGLE OF REFRACTION. See REFRACTION. 



ANGLE OF VISION, the angle formed by 

 two rays of light proceeding from dif- 

 ferent objects, or opposite extremities of 

 the same object : called also the visual 



igle and the optic angle. 



ANGLER, one who fishes with an angle, 

 or hook attached to a line. Also the popular 

 name of a singular fish, known also by the 

 name of the fishing -frog , from the resem- 

 blance which it has to the frog in the tad- 

 pole state. 



ANGLICAN, pertaining to England or the 

 English nation ; e. g. the Anglican church. 

 The word is the adjective of Anglia. A 

 tribe of Saxons, called Angles, who, being 

 employed by the Britons against the Scots 

 and Picts, ultimately turned upon and 

 conquered their employers, and gave 

 the name of Anglia to England. The 

 Angles were the Ingeevones of Tacitus. 



ANGLO-DANISH, pertaining to the An- 



