APH ! 



colours, occurring both crystallised and 

 massive. Finest specimens found in Devon 

 and Cornwall. 



AFATB'RA, a genus of butterflies (lepi- 

 doptera diurna), of which the " purple 

 emperor " is a species. 



APATV'RIA, an Athenian festival which 

 took place in October, and continued three 

 days. On this occasion children accom- 

 panied their fathers, that their names 

 might be entered on the public register. 



APE, a popular name extended to all the 

 tribe of monkeys and baboons (quadru- 

 mania, Cuv., which comprehends the 

 simier and lemurs of Lin/', but more espe- 

 cially to those species which have no tail ; 

 those having tails being called baboons : 

 the gibbons are examples of the first, and 

 the patras of the latter. 



APE'AK, in nautical language t perpendi- 

 cular. See ANCHOR. 



APE'RIENT, Lat. aperiem, opening. 

 Mildly laxative or deobstruent. 



APEK'TOR, Lat. from aperio, to open. 

 The muscle which raises the upper eyelid 

 is sometimes called apertor ociili, the eye- 

 opener. 



AP'ERTURE, from aperttts, open. An 

 opening. In geometry, the space between 

 two right lines which meet in a point and 

 form an angle. In optics, a round hole in 

 a turned bit of wood, or plate of tin, 

 placed within a telescope or microscope, 

 near the object-glass, by which more rays 

 are admitted, and a more distinct appear- 

 ance of the object is obtained. 



APET'ALOUS, from a , without, and 

 xtT).6i a petal. Applied to flowers that 

 want the corolla. 



APET'ALOSE, i Lat. apetalus, without pe- 



APET'ALOUS, ) tal. Applied to flowers 

 which have no corolla. 



APH-E'RESIS. See APHERESIS. 



APH^'REVS, from etQeu^tiv, to takeaway. 

 The removal of a vowel from the begin- 

 ning of a word, as 'tis, for it is, 'bide, for 

 abide. See also APHERESIS. 



APHAXIP'TERA, from a.^a.iv^, obscure, 

 and jrTfjoc, wing. An order of apterous 

 haustellate insects, having perfect rudi- 

 mental wings, and undergoing a meta- 

 morphosis like that of the tipalidce, or 

 crane-flies. 



APH'AMTE, a mineral included among 

 the rocks, which the older mineralogists 

 called cometnnes, or lapis corneus trape- 

 ztus. The predominant principle is am- 

 phibole. Name , not, and <*&, to 

 appear, in allusion to the homogenous 

 appearance of the rock. 



APHELEXIS, a genus of superb flowering 

 shrubs, natives of the Cape of Good Hope, 

 class tyngenesia, order pol. mperjlua. 



APHE'LION, ) d$r,).to\ of ^re, and r,Kt&f, 



APHE'LICM, ) the sun. That point in 



5 API 



the orbit of a planet at which it U at tBe 

 farthest distance from the sun that it can 

 be : opposed to perihelion. 



APHELXIA, from iAxi, to abstract. 

 Revery: a genus of diseases of which 

 there are three species. A. socors, absence 

 of mind, A. intenta, abstraction of mind, 

 and A., otiosa, brown study. 



APHE'RESIS, \ from '<rd, and .'*. to 



APH.I'RESIS. I take. In grammar, the 

 taking of a letter or syllable from the be- 

 ginning of a word; e. g. to write mittere 

 for omittere. In surgery, amputation. 



APH'IDES, ) the second family of homop- 



APHID'II, ) terous hemiptera. in the 

 system of Cuvier; typical genus, aphis oi 

 Linnaeus. 



APHIDIPH'AGI, a family of trimerous 

 coleoptera. Name, from the cirumstance 

 of their feeding on aphides (aphidii and 

 Qcty*, to eat). The cow-bug and lady- 

 bug belong to this family, and are well 

 known to gardeners. 



A'PHIS, the puceron,tine-fretter, or plant- 

 louse. A genus of hornopterous henup- 

 tera, and the type of the family aphidii or 

 aphides, which is simply the plural of 

 aphis. 



APHLOOIS'TIC, flameless, from et, not, 

 and <p\vyia-ros , inflammable. An aphlo- 

 gistic lamp is one in which a coil of pla- 

 tinum wire is kept in a state of ignition 

 by vapour of alcohol or ether, without 

 flame. 



ArHo'jJiA,o4in, speechless. Aphony; 

 a suppression or total loss of voice. 



APHRODI'SIA, in archaeology, festivals 

 kept in honour of Venus (^C/ V T-< . 



APHHODI'TA, \ the sea-mouse, a genus of 



APHRODI'TE, } articulata, of the order 

 dorsibranchiata (Cuv.) Name, otpfooiT*. , 

 Venus, in allusion to the splendid colour- 

 ing of some of the species, e. g. the 

 aphrodita aculeata of Lin. 



APH'THA, atQOai, the thrush. A disease 

 which shows itself in small white ulcers 

 upon the tongue, gums, inside of the lips, 

 and palate , resembling particles of curdled 

 milk. 



APHTL'LOSE, ) Lat. aphyllus,of t>>.>.ev. 

 APH ri.' LOUS, ) leafless. Applied to parts 

 of plants when altogether void of leaves, 

 as an aphylons stein. Plants which art- 

 devoid of leaves are .naturally arranged 

 under one head, aphylla plantee. 



ApiA'cEJE.Lat. opium, parsley. A name 

 recently proposed to replace that of um 

 belliferW. 



APIA'RIJ:. a tribe of honey-making hy- 

 menoptera, of which the apis, or garden- 

 bee is the type. 



APIAS'TER, the bird otherwise called th 

 bee-eater; a species of merops, Lin. It 

 resembles the swallow. Xauie. from apii 



bee 



