ARS 



100 



ART 



raign a writ of novel disseisin ; to call a 

 prisoner to the bar of the court to answer 

 to the matter charged in the indictment, 

 and the calling of the prisoner to the bar 

 is denominated an arraignment. The term 

 from Norm, aresner, to answer. Black- 

 stone says from Lat. ad rationem ponere; 

 in Yr. ad reson or abbreviated a rem. 



AR'RAS, a kind of tapestry, said to take 

 Its name from Arras, the capital of the 

 department Pas de Calais, where the ar- 

 ticle was first manufactured. 



ARRENTA'TION, from Sp. arrt-rwfir. to 

 rent. In the forest laics of England theH- 

 censing of an owner of land in a forest to 

 inclose it in consideration of a yearly rent. ) 



AR'REOYS, the name given to a class of j 

 Individuals in Otaheite and the neigh- 

 bouring islands, who destroy their own 

 offspring at the moment of their birth. 



ARRE'ST, from French arrfter, for arres- 

 ter, to Stop. To arrest judgment, is to stop 

 judgment after verdict, for causes as- 

 signed. The motion for this purpose is 

 called a motion in arrest of judgment. 



ARREST'MENT. In Scotch late, 1. The de- 

 tention of a criminal till he finds bail. 



2. An order of a judge, by which a debtor 

 to the arrester's debtor is prohibited to 

 make payment till the debt due to the 

 arrester is paid or secured. 



ARRES'TS, in farriery, mangy tumours 

 upon a horse's hind legs. 



ARRIERE, the rear of an army. The 

 nrriere-ban of the old French kings was a 

 proclamation (ban} by which their vassals 

 were summoned to take th field for war 

 'arriere, the last). Arritre-fief or fee, a 

 fee or fief held of a feudatory. Arriere- 

 vassal, the vassal of a vassal. 



AR'RIS, probably from risega, Ital., at 

 the projection. The intersecting line of 

 two planes cutting one another, and pre- 

 senting a salient angle. 



ARRONDE'E. In htraldry, the curved 

 cross, the arms of which terminate in the 

 escutcheon. 



ARROW-ROOT,* kind of starch, manu- 

 factured from the roots of the Haranta 

 arundinacea, a native of South America, 

 cultivated both in the East and West In- 

 dies ; also the popular name of the genus 

 Maranta (q. v.) ; supposed to be an antidote 

 to the poisonous arrows of the Indians. 



ARS'CHIN. 1. A Russian measure of 



length = 2J feet English. 2. A Chinese 



measure of length = 302 Paris lines. 

 Written also arskin. 



ARSEN'IVTE, a salt formed by the com- 

 bination of the arsenic acid with a r-asi. 



AR'sE.\-ic, ? s-nr;ay. Properly, tb-^ name 

 of a metal of a bluish- white or steel-gray 

 colour ; brittle , of considerable brilliancy , 

 and sp. gr. 6'76 ; but more frequently used 

 to designate the white oxide of the metal, 

 called by chemists arsenious acid, and in 

 common whit* arsenic. Arsenic is met 



with abundantly in nature ; sometimes in 

 its metallic state, occasionally in the state 

 of an oxide, but more frequently united 

 with sulphur, forming the native realgar, 

 or native orpiment of mineralogists : with 

 iron .and sulphur forming arsenical pyrites, 

 and along with cobalt and sulphur form- 

 ing the mineral called cobalt pyrites, in 

 which the arsenic predominates, and from 

 the roasting of which the arsenious acid 

 of commerce is obtained. 



The term agy/e, from which we 

 derive the term arsenic, was an epithet 

 applied anciently to those natural sub- 

 stances which possessed strong and 

 acrimonious qualities, as the poisonous 

 quality of arsenic was found to be re- 

 markably powerful ; the name wa 

 given especially to the yellow sulphuret 

 now called orpimtnt. 

 ARSEN'IC ACID. \ The only known 

 ARSE'NIOUS Acit). ) compounds of ar- 

 senic and oxygen are two, and they both 

 possess acid properties. That which has 

 the least oxygen is called arsenious acid, 

 and is the well-known and virulent poisoa 

 called white arsenic, or siir.ply artenic, in 

 commerce ; and the other, containing a 

 larger quantity of oxygen, is called ar- 

 senic acid. 



ARCEXITE, a salt formed by the union 

 of the arsenious acid with a base. 



ARSIS, uftrif, of aictu, to raise. The 

 raisins of the voice in pronunciation; 

 opposed to thesis. In the ancient music, 

 arsis and thesis were applied to the lifting 

 and falling of the hand in beating time. 

 AR'SOS , from Lat. ardeo, arsum, to burn. 

 In law, the act of wilfully setting fire to 

 a house or other property belonging to 

 another person, which by the law of Eng- 

 land is felony, and punishable with death. 

 ART, Lat. an, artis, the primary sense 

 of which is strength and skill. The ap- 

 plication of knowledge to practice ; hence 

 we have useful or mechanical arts ; liberal, 

 polite, or fine arts : the former requiring 

 manual labour principally, the latter re- 

 quiring the exercise of the mind more 

 than of the body. 



The old division of the liberal arts 

 (artes liberales) was grammar, dialec- 

 tics, rhetoric, music, arithmetic, geo- 

 metry, and astronomy. 

 ARTEME'SIA, wormwood, mugwort. 

 southernwood. An extensive genus of 

 plants. Syngenesia Poly, superflua. Much 

 used in medicine. Named from Queen 

 Artemesia ; according to others, from Ar- 

 temis, the Grecian Diana. 



ARTERioT'oMT,from aqrr.fiot, an artery, 

 and rtuvai, to cut. The opening of an ar- 

 tery for the purpose of abstracting blood ; 

 only practised by modern surgeons on the 

 temporal artery. 

 AR'TERV, from {, air, and rr^iat, to 



