AUR 



111 



A UT 



forth their reasons of separation from the 

 Romish church. 



AOO-JB'TIANS, \ an order of monks so 



AC'OCSTINS, ) called from St. Ausrustin. 

 They made one of the four orders of 

 Mendicants, and were originally called 

 Austin friars. 



AVT.A'RIA.S, l>c!on?ini: to mtln. a hail. 

 A member of a hall, at Oxford, in distinc- 

 tion to a iv.Vj/t<n. 



AV'LIC, portaiuinjr to atria, a court. A& 

 epithet gem-rally given to one of the two 

 suprcmi! courts of the ci-devant German 

 inpire the RewhdMfroth. 



AiM.os'roM*., Gr. from etvho;, a pipe, and 

 s, a mouth. A genus of acantho- 



erygians, belonging to the family called 

 l>y Ctivier bouch.* en flute; including the 

 pipe-fishes, or those species whose mouth 

 is elongated into a kind of tube or pipe. 



ACKAJJTIA'CEX, a natural family of 

 plants, of which the orange (aurantium; 

 is the type. 



AURAN'TIUM, the orange (citrus auran- 

 tiunt), so called ab aurr.it ,-oWre. 



AIRE'LIA, some of the two-winged tribe 

 of insects. Butterflies aud moths when 

 in their pupa state are inciosed in a mem- 

 braneous envelope, and as these pupae are 

 often tinzed of a gold colour, they were 

 called from this circumstance chrysalides 

 by the Greeks, and aurelies by the Romans, 

 both which terms are in some measure 

 become Anglicised, and though not strictly 

 applicable to ungilded pupae, are often 

 given to those of all lepidopterous in- 

 set ts. These by Linn6 are denominated 

 oblected pupoe. 



AURE'OLA, of the colour of gold. ^In 

 painting, the glory with which the ac- 

 ci'-nt painters decorated the heads of the 

 saints, martyrs, and confessors, which 

 they executed. 



AC'REUS, a Roman gold coin worth 

 about 16 shillings, according to Tacitus, 

 and weighing about 2i oz. avoird. 



AU'RICLE, Lat. auricula, a little ear 

 (auris). Applied, 1. In anatomy, to the 

 external ear, and to two cavities of the 

 heart, which have some resemblance to 



ears. 'i. In botany, to plants whose 



leaves or oth-.-r parts more or less resem- 

 ble cars. 



Arj-.icc'iA, asubgenus of bulimi. See 



BVLIWLH. 



AURI'CULAR CONFESSION. Confession of 

 Kins to a priest in private, distinguished 

 from public confession. 



ACRICU'LATE, Lat. MrfcuMM, having 

 ears or appendages resembling ears. 

 Applied, 1. In botany, to leaves which are 

 furnished with a pair of leaflets, generally 

 distinct, but sometimes joining them at 



the base. 2. In conchology, to a few 



bivalves which have a flat angulated 

 projection on one or both sides of the 



umboniiB or bosses : most developed in th 



ACRI'GA, in astronomy, the veaggonrr. 

 A constellation of the northern hemi- 

 sphere, containing 66 stare according to 

 the British catalogue. 



AC'ROCHS, Germ, tirochi, the ure-ox. A 

 name sriven to an Btnul of the bovine 

 kind, found fossil in alluvion. 



.AVR'ORA BOREA'LIS, literally northern 

 datcn. The name given to that extraor- 

 dinary luminous appearance or im-ieor 

 which shows itself in northern latitudes 

 after sunset, called also northern liyl't 

 (Germ, nordlicht] , and popularly streamer* 

 and merry dancers. 



This appearance is from our position 

 on the earth regarded ai peculiar to the 

 north, but a similar phenomenon is also 

 observable in the southern hemisphere, 

 called with like propriety Aurora Ans- 

 tralis. It was witnessed in 1773 be- 

 twee.n 58 and 60" 8. lat. by Cooke's 

 sailors, and later travellers have ob- 

 served the same. These phenomena 

 therefore, as they are common to both 

 poles, ought properly to be called Polar 

 lights. 



AC'KCM Mtrsi'v, or MOSAICUM. Mo- 

 saic gold, composed of 100 tin + 54 sul- 

 phur. 



ACSCCLTA'TIOX, Lat. ausntllatio (ofaua- 

 culto, to listen). This term is applied to 

 the several methods of detecting the 

 nature and seat of disease by means of 

 the sense of hearing, but particularly to 

 the exploration of the thorax by mean* 

 of the sounds in that part, rendered more 

 distinct to the ear by the intervention of 

 an instrument called a ttett>scope (q. v.). 

 AUSPICES, the observations taken by the 

 Roman augurs from the flight of birds 

 and other natural appeai-ances. An f/s;>cr 

 was any one who interpreted omens ; an 

 amjur was a member of the sacred college . 

 ACS'TER, the south- wind. Ju^ni.', south, 

 southern. 



AU'TERFOITS, from Fr. autre, another. 

 and foils, fois, time. A term introduced 

 into law phraseology under the Norman 

 princes of England, to signify at another 

 time, formerly ; as auterfoits acquit, for- 

 merly acquitted, which, being specially 

 pleaded, bars a second prosecution for the 

 same offence. 



AUTHEN'TIC (ofjOiiTize;), of genuine 

 origin. Applied in music, 1. To chorJ? 

 which have the 4th uppermost. - 2. In 

 melodies whose principal notes lie be- 

 tween the key-note and its octave. 



ACTHEN'TIC MELODIES, in music, such 

 as have their principal notes contained 

 between the key-note and its octave. 



ACTHEX'TICS, in civil law, a name given 

 to an extract from the Novels (q. v.'i, by 

 which a law of the code Li either changed 



