BAR 



121 



BAR 



In the circuits. 2. In law, a peremptory 



exception sufficient to destroy the plain- 

 tiff's action, either for the time being, or 

 for ever, according as it is temporary or 



perpetual. 3. A bank of sand or pravel, 



or both, forming a shoal at the mouth of a 

 river or harbour, obstructing entrance, or 



rendering it difficult. 4. In music, a 



stroke or line drawn perpendicularly 

 across the lines of a piece, to divide the 

 notes into equal portions with respect to 

 time. 5. In heraldry. one of the honour- 

 able ordinances, consisting of two hori- 

 yontal liui's drawn across the escutcheon. 



The space inclosed is the bar. 6. In the 



Menage, the highest part of the place in a 

 l.orse's mouth between the tusks and 

 grinders, so that the part of the mouth 

 which lies under and at the side of the bars 

 retains the name of the gum. The upper 

 part of the aums which bears no teeth, 



and to which the bit is applied. 7. A 



tar of gold or silver is an ingot, wedge, 

 or mass that has been cast in a mould, and 

 un wrought. A bar of iron is a long piece 

 wrought in the forge, and hammered 

 from a pig. Iron when first formed into 

 ban is called bar -iron, and is marked 

 Ko. 2 ; but when cut up, piled, and 

 worked over again, it is denominated 



Io. 3, or beat iron. 8. To bar a vein is 



en operation in farriery, which consists 

 la opening the skin over a vein, disen- 

 gaging it, and tying it in two places, and 

 striking between the two ligatures. 



BABAZIF'TOJJ , an arbitrary term, used in 

 logic, to denote the first indirect mode of 

 the first figure of syllogism. 



BAHALLOTS, a sect of Manicheans, at Bo- 

 logna, who had all things in common, 

 even their wives and children. The name 

 ia the compound bar-all-lots. 



BARATRT, in commerce, is the act of a 

 ntaster of a vessel, or of the mariners, 

 when they cheat the owners or shippers, 

 by running away with the ship to em- 

 bezzle their goods. From Ital. baraiare, 

 to cheat. 



BARB, Lat. barba, beard. 1. The beard, 

 or that which grows in the place of it, as 



the barb of a fish. 2. In botany, the 



hiiry tufts which are found on various 



rrts of plants ; a son of pubescence. 

 The points that stand backwards in an 

 arrow, fish-hook, Ac. are called barba, 

 and are intended to prevent easy extrac- 

 tion. Barb is also the common name of 

 the Barbary pigeon and Barbary horse. 



BAR'BA, Lat. a beard. In mammalogy, 

 the long tuft of hair dependent from the 

 under-jaw. In ornithology, the setiform 

 or simple feathers which depend from the 

 skin covering the gullet or crop. In Ich- 

 thyology, a kind of spine, with the teeth 

 pointing backward. In botany, any col- 

 lection of long loose hairs forming a tutt 

 or orest, as on the petals of the Iria. 



BARRACAN, BARBICAN, Fr.bor6<J<:an. 1& 



fortification. 1. An outwork or defence of 

 a city or castle, consisting of an elevation 

 of earth along the foot of the rampart. 



2. A fort at the entrance of a bridge, 



or the outlet of a city having a double 



wall with towers. 3. An opening in 



the wall of a tower or fortress, through 

 which to fire upon an enemy ; called also 

 an embrasure. 



BARBADOES-LEG is a disease indigenous 

 to Barbadoes, in which the limb becomes 

 tumid, hard, and misshapen. 



BARBADOES-TAR, a mineral fluid which 

 trickles down the sidi-s of the mountains 

 in some parts of America, and sometimes 

 is found on the surface of the waters. 



BAR'ISAR A, an arbitrary term used in 

 logic to denote the first mode of the first 

 figure of syllogism. A syllogism in bar- 

 bara, is one in which all the propositions 

 are universal andal*annative,as,miceeat 

 cheese ; motue is a syllable ; ergo, syllables 

 eat cheese ! 



BAKU'AREA, the winter-cress. A genus of 

 which there are two British types. T- 

 tradytiamiaSiUqtwsa. Named in honour 

 of St. Barbara. 



BAR'BATE, ) Lat. barbatns, having beard 



BAR'BZD, j (barba), bearded. Applied 

 to leaves, &c., terminated by a pubescence 

 of strong hairs: awned. 



BARBE, in the military art. To fire in 

 barbe, is to fire the cannon over the para- 

 pet, instead of tiring them through th- 

 embrasures. Anciently, armour witn 

 which horses were covered. 



BAR'BECUE. 1. In the West Indict, a 



hog roasted whole. 2. At home, any 



animal dressed whole. 



BAR'BED, bearded. In botany, the same 

 with barbate. In heraldry, applied to 

 extremities pointed with barbs, and also 

 used synonymously with crested. 



BAH'BEL, a fish, a species of cyprinus 

 (q. v.). Its dorsal fin is armed with strong 

 spines, whence its name from barb. 



BAR'BELLVTE. When the pappus of 

 composite plants is bearded by short, stitf, 

 straight bristles. When the roughness is 

 caused by short points, it is termed bar 

 bellulate. 



BAR'BELS, small cylindrical processes 

 appended to the mouths of certain fishes, 

 subservient to the sense of touch. 



BARBERRY, a poptilar name of the genus 

 berberii, of which there is one British 

 species, common in hedges, and well 

 known for its oblong, red berries. It i* 

 called also pipperidgebu&h. 



BAR'BET, the bvcco (q. v.), of ornitholo- 

 gists, is so named from its beak being 

 barbed or furnished with bundles (five: 

 of stiff hairs directed forwards, one behind 

 the nostril, one on each side of the lower 

 jaw, and a fifth under its symphysie. 



BARBET'TK, a Fr. ttra ^.atiLg :. flat 



