BAR 



123 



BAR 



machinery, it operates as a powerful 

 moving principle. 



BAR'I.EY, strictly the grain, but popu- 

 larly the grain and plants indifferently 

 which produce it. The English barley is 

 that with two-rowed ears (hordeum dis- 

 tichon) : the Scotch beer or bigg is two- 

 rowed, but has the appearance of being 

 six-ear : it is the hordeum hejrastichon of 

 the botanists. 



BARLEYCORN , a grain of barley. The 

 third part of an inch in length, and the 

 least of our long measures. 



BAR'NACLZ, the popular name applied 

 to Cuvier's class of cirrhipodes, but espe- 

 cially used to designate the Lepas balanus, 

 Lin. In ornithology, the name barnacle 

 is popularly applied to two species of the 

 goose tribe, the brant and Egyptian 

 goose. See BERN ACI.E. 



BARO'CO, an arbitrary term used by 

 logicians to denote the fourth mode of 

 the figure of syllogism ; the first proposi- 

 tion is universal and affirmative, the 

 other two particular and negative. 



BAROM'ETZR, from fiot^of, weight, and 

 fi&T$ov, measure. An instrument for mea- 

 suring the variation in the weight of the 

 atmosphere. The common barometer is 



ii 



f> glass tube somewhat more than 30 ins. , 

 hermetically sealed at one end H, and 

 being filled with mercury, the tube is in- 

 verted, and the open end placed in a dish 

 M, containing mercury. The mercury in 

 the tube will then stand somewhere be- 

 tween 28 and 30 inches above the level of 

 the mercury in the cup, and the varia- 

 tions in the height denote the variation 

 of atmospherical pressure. The wheel- 

 barometer is a tube tilled with mercury 

 and inverted as shewn in Figure 2. It 

 differs nothing in principle from the com- 

 mon barometer. A float is placed upon 

 the surface of the mercury at L ; and to 

 this a thread is attached, which u brought 



over a pulley at P, so that as the float 

 rises or falls in the tube the pulley will 

 move towards the left or right, and these 

 variations are rendered more perceptible 

 by attaching an index to the pulley. The 

 common barometer is preferable for 

 accuracy. 



BAR'OMETZ, the hairy stem of a species 

 of aspidium which looks like an animal 

 crouching, from its procumbent position ; 

 hence it has been called the Scythian lamb 



BAR'ON. 1. A title of nobility next 

 below that of viscount and above that of 

 baronet. The title was introduced into 

 England by "William I., and used to sig- 

 nify an immediate vassal of the crown 

 who had a seat and vote in the royal 

 court and tribunals, and subsequently in 

 the house of peers. Hence in old records 

 the whole nobility are included in the 

 word barottt, which is equivalent to land- 

 holders, manor-holders, or royal feuda- 

 tories ; and as every manor had its court, 

 these courts were called courts-baron. The 

 title is not now attached to a manor, but 

 is conveyed by letters patent, and the 

 privileges of the courts-baron are merged 

 in the house of peers, as the representa- 

 tives of the ancient barons. 2. Baron 



is also a title of certain officers : Barnns 

 of Exchequer are the four judges who try 

 cases between the sovereign and the sub- 

 jects relative to revenue. The Barons of 

 the Cinque Portt are members of the 

 House of Commons, elected for the seven 

 Cinque ports, two for each. These ports 

 are Dover, Sandwich,Romney, Hastings. 



Hythe, "SVinchelsea and Rye. 3. In 



law, a husband, as baron and /erne, husband 

 and wife. 



BAR'ONET, dim. of baron, a title next 

 below a baron and above a knight. It ia 

 hereditary, and was originally instituted 

 by James I., in 1611. 



BARONY, a term used both of the terri- 

 tory over which the jurisdiction of a 

 baron extended, and the jurisdiction it- 

 self. This lordship was held in chief of 

 the sovereign. 



BAROU'CHE, a light open summer car- 

 riage on four wheels. 



BARRAC'UBA, a Sp. name for a marine 

 fish of the pike tribe, about 10 ft. in 

 length. 



BAR'RAS, a resinous juice which exudes 

 from theptntu maHtima, and concretes on 

 the bark in yellow masses ; called also 

 galipot. 



BARRA'TOR, from old Fr. barat, strife. 

 In late, a person who stirs up strife be- 

 tween other persons is called a common 

 barrator, and the offence common barratry, 



BAR'RATRY, 1. In commerce. Set BAR- 

 ATRT. 2. In late. See BARRATOR. 



BAR'REL. 1. A cask or vessel of cylin- 

 drical form, bulged in the middle and 

 bound with hoops. . The 



