BON 



150 



BON 



merly used to swell garments. The word 

 is now used to designate a fustian style of 

 writing 1 . 



BOM'BAX, the silk cotton-tree, a genus of 

 arborescent plants of several species, na- 

 tives of hot climates. Monadelphia^Po- 

 lijnndria. Named from $/* 



BOMBAZI'NE, a worsted stuff sometimes 

 mixed with silk, and sometimes crossed 

 with cotton. 



BOM'-CHEST, a chest filled with com- 

 bustible matter, placed under ground to 

 do mischief by its displosion. 



BOM'EIC ACID, acid of the silk-worm, 

 bombyx, contained in a reservoir near the 

 anus. 



BOMB'-KETCH , ) a strong vessel built for 



BOMB'- VESSEL, ) the purposes of bom- 

 bardment. The modern bomb-vessels 

 carry two 10-inch mortars, four sixty- 

 eight pounders, and eighteen pound car- 

 ronades, and are generally from 60 to 70 

 feet from stem to stern. 



BOM'BUS, Lat. from fiu,Co;, a humming 

 noise, the name of a genus of aculeated 

 hymenopteva, the species of which are 

 recognised in this country as humble-bees 

 or humminy-bees. This name, however, 

 is common also to the xylocop<e, which 

 include the larger species. Both genera 

 belong to the great genus Apis. 



BoM'BYcir/LA, a genus of omnivorous 

 paserine birds. 



BOM'BYCITKS, a tribe of nocturnal lepi- 

 doptera. The caterpillars live in the open 

 air, feed on the tender parts of plants, 

 and in general form a cocoon of pure silk. 

 The genus Bombyx gives name to this 

 tribe. 



-BoMBYiiE'Rs, Latr. ) A genus of dipte- 



BOMBYL'IUS, Linn, j rous insects placed 

 by Cuvier among the tanystoma, and by 

 "Wilson among the proboseides, named from 

 /&>.? , in allusion to the sharp humming 

 sound which they make in flying. Pifty 

 European species are described. 



BOM'BYX, a genus of nocturnal lepido- 

 ptera, the caterpillar of which is the tilk- 

 tcorm. The true silk-worm moth, S. mori, 

 Linn., is whitish, has a few transverse 

 streaks, and a lunar spot on the superior 

 wings. It feeds on the leaves of the mul- 

 berry, and spins an oval cocoon of a close 

 tissue, with very fine silk, usually yellow, 

 but sometimes white. The variety which 

 produces the latter are now preferred. 

 The name /3ici/,is derived from jSouGo;, 

 a humming sound. 



Bon, the Egyptian name of the coffee- 

 tree. 



BONA-FI'DE, that is, good faith, meaning 

 without fraud or subterfuge. Lat. 



BO.NAS'SUS, i a species of the bovine ge- 



"Boj< A'sr s , ) nus of quadrupeds common 

 to Asia and Africa. 



BOND. Sax. bond from the same 



root as band. In law, an obligation cr 

 deed by which a person binds himself, his 

 heirs, executors, and administrators, to 

 pay a cert.in sum on or before a future 

 day appointed. This is a tingle bond, but 

 usually a condition is added, that if the 

 obligor shrill do a certain act, or pay a 

 certain sum of money, on or before a fu- 

 ture time specified, the obligation shall 

 be void, otherwise it shall remain in full 

 force. If the condition is not performed, 

 the bond is forfeited, and the obligor and 

 his heirs are liable to the payment of the 

 whole sum. In carpentry, the binding of 

 any two pieces together by tenanting, 

 morticing, &c. In masonry, the disposi- 

 tion of stones or bricks in building, so 

 that they most aptly fit together. Stones 

 which have their length placed in the 

 thickness of the wall are called headers, 

 and those which have their length ex- 

 tended along in the length of the wall are 

 called stretchers. English bond is that 

 disposition of bricks in a wall where the 

 courses are alternately composed of head- 

 ers and stretchers. Flemish bond is that 

 in which the bricks in each course have 

 headers and stretchers alternately. 



BOND'-STOXES, stones used in uncoursed 

 rubble-walls, having their length placed 

 in the thickness of the wall. When the 

 length of a stone is equal to the whole 

 thickness of the wall, it is called a per- 

 pend. 



BOND-TIMBERS, the horizontal timbers- 

 bedded in stone or brick walls to 

 strengthen the masonry. 



BONDS. In building, includes all Tim- 

 bers disposed in the walls of a building, 

 as bond-timbers, wall-plates, lentels, and 

 emplets. 



BONDED GOODS, those for the duties on 

 which bonds are given at the Custom- 

 house. 



ON'DUC. 1. The nickar-tree, a name 

 common to both species of the genus Gi- 

 landina, but especially to the yellow- 

 seeded species common to both Indies. 

 -2. The gymnocladus catiadensis, a Ca- 

 nadian tree recently separated from the 

 genus Gvilandina. 



BONE, Lat. os, the substance of which 

 the frame-work of animals is composed 

 from Sax. binnan, to bind. Bone is 

 composed of 33'3 cartilage; 55'35 phos- 

 phate of lime ; 3 fluate of lime ; 3'85 car- 

 bonate of lime; 2'05 phosphate of magne- 

 sia, and 2'45 soda, with a little common 

 salt. 



BONE'-ACE, a game at cards in which he 

 who has the highest card turned up to 

 him wins the bone, that is, one half the 

 stake. 



BONE-BLACK, the black carbonaceous 

 matter into which bones arc converted 

 by calcination in close vessels. It is alo 



