EOT 



155 



BOU 



mass of wood and cellular tissue. Class 3. 

 Monocotyledons, or veins of leaves parallel, 

 <md not netted. <>) Acotyledons, or (c) Ve- 

 getation fungoid. Class 4. Rhizanths. 

 II. Having neither flower* nor seres, or 

 II. Their axis increasing by simple elon- 

 gation, or irregular expansion. Class 5. 

 Cryptogamic plants, or Class 5. Acrogens. 



BOTAR'GO, a sausage made of the roe of 

 the mullet, on the shores of the Mediter- 

 ranean and Black Sea. It is called 60- 

 itargues in Provence. 



BOTE, a Saxon word meaning repara- 

 tion, compensation, allowance, and the 

 like, and retained in law in composition. 

 Thus, manbote, compensation for killing a 

 man ;fire-bote, allowance of wood for fuel. 



BOTEI/TO, a small Mexican fish, the 

 liver of which is a deadly poison. It is 

 about eight inches long, has a flat belly 

 and a convex back. 



BOTHA'GIVM, duty paid to the lord of 

 the manor for pitching booths. Latin 

 from Celtic (bothag, a cot, a booth, botha"). 



BOTHRIOCEPHA'LUS, the tape-worm (see 

 T.SSIA,', thus named from /3oOt4t, a little 

 pit, and xitpatXy a head; there being 

 certain depressions about tho head. 



BOTRYCHIU'M, the moon-wort, a genus 

 of hardy perennials. CryptogameaFili- 

 ces. Named from ^or^uf, a bunch of 

 grapes, in allusion to the appearance of 

 the branched clusters of capsules. There 

 Is only one British species, the B. lunaria, 

 Sw., or Osmunda lunaria, Lin. & E. Bot., 

 found in dry mountain pastures. 



BOTRYLLA'RIANS, (In geology, a family 



BOTRYLLA'RI.E. ) of compound Tuni- 

 caries, in which several individuals are 

 arranged in a ring round a central aper- 

 ture common to the rectum of each, the 

 mouths being at the circumference. 



BOT'RYOID, | from (Sorgvs, a bunch of 



BOTRYOI'DAL, ) grapes, and u^as, form; 

 having the form of a bunch of grapes; 

 clustered ; applied to minerals, &c. 



BOTRYOLI'TE, grape-stone, a variety of 

 prismatic datolite occurring in inamil- 

 lary concretions, from j3or%v; , a bunch of 

 grapes, and \i6os, a stone. It occurs plen- 

 tifully in Norway. 



BOTS, a species of worms found chiefly 

 in the intestines of horses. They are the 

 larvae of a species of breeze or gad-fly 

 (theG<is<rws<>gt,Meig.),whichdepositsits 

 eggs on the tips of the hairs, generally of 

 the fore-leg and mane, whence they are 

 taken into the mouth and swallowed. 

 The same name is also given to the larvae 

 of other species of the Oastrus (CEstnts, 

 Lin.), found under the hides of most ani- 

 mals of the bovine genus, and sometimes 

 In the nostrils of sheep, de jr, &c. 



BOT'TLE. Sp. botella, dim. of bota, a 

 leathern bag for wine. The bottles of the 

 ; were made of skins and leather. 



In modern times they are made chiefly of 

 thick glass of the cheapest sorts. 



BOT'TLE-GLASS is composed of sand and 

 lime, and sometimes clay and alkaline 

 ashes of any kind, such as kelp, barilla, 

 soap-boilers' waste, and even wood ashes. 

 The green colour is in part owing to the 

 impurities of the ashes, but chiefly to 

 oxide of iron contained in the sand. 



BOT'TOM. 1. In commercial language, a 

 ship; e.g. "The goods were imported in 



British bottoms." 2. In the language of 



jockeys, stamina, native strength; e.g. 

 " The horse has good bottom." 



BOTTOM-HEAT, applied to the artificial 

 temperature produced in hot-houses. 



BOT'TOMRY, in commercial affairs, is the 

 hypothecation or pledge of a ship for the 

 payment of a debt. The owner of a ship 

 and the captain, under certain circum- 

 stances, is authorised to borrow money, 

 either to fit her out so as to enable her to 

 proceed on her voyage, or to purchase a 

 cargo for the voyage, pledging the keel 

 or bottom of the ship (a part for the whole) 

 in security for payment. If the ship is 

 lost, the lender loses his money ; but if 

 she arrives in safety at her destination, 

 the lender is then entitled to get back his 

 principal and the interest agreed on, how- 

 ever much that interest may exceed the 

 legal rate. 



BOT'TO.NY. In heraldry, a cross bottony 

 terminates at each end in three buds, 

 knots, or buttons, resembling in some 

 measure the trefoil ; hence called croix 

 trefflt. The term bottony is from the same 

 root as button. 



BOCCHE, a French word signifying 

 mouth, used anciently to denote the pri- 

 vilege of having meat and drink at court 

 "scot free." The word is also written 

 botvge, bouge, and budge. 



Botr'DoiR, a small room destined for re- 

 tirement. The name is Fr., from bonder, 

 to be sulky. 



BOC'GET, "Water Budget, or Dosser. In 

 heraldry, the representation of a vessel 

 for carrying water. 



BOU'GIE, a French term for a wax candle 

 (candelacerea}, and used as the name of a 

 smooth, flexible, elastic, slender cylinder, 

 introduced into the urethra, rectum, or 

 oesophagus, for opening or dilating it in 

 cases of stricture or other diseases. Some 

 are solid and some hollow, some corrosive 

 and some mollifying. When the bougie 

 has some escharotic substance attached 

 to the end of it, it is said to be armed. 



Bon'LLoN. In the manage, an excres- 

 cence of flesh causing the frush to shoot 

 out, which makes the'horse to halt. The 

 word is Fr., from bouillir, to boil. 



Boc LD'ER, from Fr. boule, \ A bale. 



BOWLD'ER, from Eng. bowl. ) This name 

 Is used to designate those masses of rocks 

 found lying on the surface, or imbedded 



