BRO 



164 



BRO 



BROC'ARD, an old Scotch forensic term, 

 denoting the first elements or maxims of 

 the law. Sp. brocardico, a maxim of 

 law. 



BROc'cou.a species of cabbage (Srn.i- 

 ica Italica). The name is Fr., from Ital. 

 broccolo, sprout. 



BROCHE, a narrow- pointed chisel, used 

 by masons in hewing stones. The term 



is usually written broach.. 2. A fish, a 



species of hi tj an. 



BROCK'ET, a hart of the third year, a 

 hind of the same year is termed a brocket's 

 lister. The word is dim. of Sax. broc, 

 wildling, and is sometimes written brock. 

 Tae French write brocard. 



BROG, a pointed steel instrument fixed 

 Into a handle, used by joiners to make 

 holes for nails in soft wood. Koot, brog, 

 to pierce. 



BKO'KENBACKED, the state of a ship 

 when so weakened in her frame as to 

 droop at each end. 



B.O'KEN-WI'UED, a disease in horses 

 often accompanied with a preternatural 

 enlargement of the lungs and heart. 



Bro'sEH, a person employed as a mid- 

 dleman to transact business between mer- 

 chants or individuals. Brokers are di- 

 vided into classes ; as bill or exchange 

 brokers, stock-brokers, ship and insur- 

 ance brokers, pawn-brokers, and brokers 

 imply so called, or those who sell or ap- 

 praise household furniture distrained for 

 rent. The term is from fcax. brucan, 

 Germ, brauchen, to employ. 



BROX'ERAGE, the commission, reward, 

 or per centage paid to brokers on the sale 

 or purchase of bills, stock, merchandise. 

 for effecting insurance, or doing other 

 business. 



3aoMr.-GB.4s9, a name common to all 

 the plants of the genus Bromus. 



B'XOME'LIA, a genus of American peren- 

 nials. Hejrandria Mmiogynia. Nitmed 

 in honour of O. Bromel. The pine :;?ple 

 was formerly placed in this genus nnder 

 the name of B. ananat, but U is now re- 

 ferred to the new genus Ananassa. 



BHOKELIA/CEJE, a natural family of 

 monocotyledonous plants, of which the 

 gp.nus Bromelia is the type. 



BRO'MIC ACID, an acid analogous to the 

 chloric and iodic acids. 



BROMIDE, a combination of bromine 

 with a metallic base; e.g., bromide of 

 potassium. 



BRO'MINE, one of the archseal elements, 

 which being developed from its combi- 

 nations at the positive pole of the Toltaic 

 circle, has been therefore deemed to be 

 idio-electro-positive, like oxygen and 

 chlorine, which last it somewhat resem- 

 bles in smell, hence its name from ftfSfMf, 

 frrtor. At ordinary temperatures it is a 

 liquid of a dark brown colour in mass. 



but of a hyacinth red in layors. It occurs 

 in various saline springs on the continent 

 of Europe, but is usually prepared from 

 bittern. It congeals at 4" Fahrenheit. 



nn<irial>igynia. Name, fiea/Mif, a spe- 

 cies of oat (figufjui, food). There are 12 

 British species of Brome-grass. 



BRON'CHIA, the tubes of the throat into 

 which the trachea divides. /Sjoyyo? , the 

 throat. 



BHONCHI'TTS, inflammation of the mu- 

 cous lining of the bronchi (bronchial tubes) . 



BRON'CHIUS MV'SCULUS, the sterno-thy- 

 roideus muscle. 



BRONCHOCE'LE, goitre, Derbyshire-neck-, 

 called also tracheocele and bronchial 

 hernia ; a tumour on the fore part of the 

 neck, formed by an indolent enlargement 

 of the thyroid gland ; /S^oy^oj, the wind- 

 pipe, and z,r,\'/i, a tumour. 



BRONCOPH'ONT, from /3eo i y%o;, the wind- 

 pipe, and Quvti, the voice ; the sound of 

 the voice as heard by applying the ste- 

 thoscope over a large bronchial tube. 



BRON'CHO-PXEI-MO'NIA, afonn of inflam- 

 mation of the lungs which commences in 

 the bronchial membrane, and afterwards 

 involves the parenchyma of the lungs. 



BBONCHOT'OMY, from fao'yx.of, the wind- 

 pipe, and rifAvu, to cut. A surgical ope- 

 ration, in which an incision is made into 

 the larynx or trachea, to afford a passage 

 for the air into and out of the lungs, when 

 any obstruction is offered to the same of 

 passing by the mouth and nostrils, as 

 when any foreign body has fallen into 

 the trachea. The operation is called Tra- 

 cheotomy when the opening is made into 

 the trachea, and Laryngotomy when the 

 opening is made into the larynx. 



BRON'TOLITE, thunder-stone 

 thunder, and /u0oj, stone). 



BRONZE, an alloy of copper, with a small 

 proportion of tin : a. little zinc and lead 

 are sometimes added. It is harder than 

 copper, and is chiefly used for statues, 

 cannon, bells, and other articles, in all of 

 which the proportions of the ingredients 

 vary. The primary meaning of the word 



is browned. 2. A colour prepared for 



the purpose of imitating bronze. 3. 



Among arch<eologists, a bronze Is any work 

 of art cast in bronze ; at present, any 

 bronze statue. 4. Among medallist}, 

 any copper medal. 



BRON'ZINO, the art of giving to objects 

 of wood, plaster, &c., such a surface as 

 makes them appear as if made of bronze, 

 The term is sometimes extended to the 

 production of a metallic appearance of 

 any kind upon such objects. 



BRON'ziJio SALT, chloride or butter of 

 antimony, is so called from its being em- 

 ployed in the process of browning. 



