BUR 



171 



BUR 



and has several figuies and Arabic cha- 

 racters on it, richly embroidered in gold. 

 This is carried round in their solemn pro- 

 cessions, and is often made to stop that 

 the people may touch it. 



BURDEN OF A SONG, the return of the 

 theme at the end of each verse. In this 

 sense the word is Fr. bourdon, a drone or 

 base. A chord which is to be divided to 

 perform the intervals of music, when 

 open and undivided is also called the 

 burden. 



BUR'DOCK, or Clot-Bur, names common 

 to both species of the genus Arctium. 

 They are troublesome weeds, but have 

 their uses in medicine. The name is bur 

 and dock (bur is Goth, biorn, a bear), in 

 allusion to the shaggy roughness of the 

 involucres of the plant. 



BUR'DON, a pilgrim's staff which was 

 commonly of an inconveniently large size. 



B !'RExt;', a French word from bitre, cloth, 

 used first to denote a desk, afterwards 

 the chamber of an officer of government, 

 and later, the body of subordinate offi- 

 cers who act under the direction of a 

 chief. In Spanish this word btireo is a 

 court of justice for the trial of persons 

 belonging to the royal household. 



BUREAU' SYSTEM, I terms designating 



BCREAU'CRACY, } governments in 

 which the business of administration is 

 carried on in departments, each under 

 the control of a chief, and is opposed to 

 those in which the officers of government 

 have a co-ordinate authority. According 

 to the parliamentary usage of France, 

 the Chamber of Deputies is divided into 

 nine bureaus or committees, composed of 

 an equal number of deputies, designated 

 by lot. Each bureau appoints its own 

 president, and discusses separately all 

 maf.- r referred to it by the chamber. 



BTKETIE', an instrument of measure 

 for uiv'd.'J.g a given portion of any liquid 

 into ! 00 jr 1000 equal parts. 



fB^uo'AOE. In English law, tenure in 

 burgage, or burgage tenure, is tenure in 

 socage, applied to towns and cities, or 

 where houses or lands which were for- 

 merly the sites of houses in an ancient 

 borough, are held in common socage by 

 a certain established rent ; a remnant of 

 Saxon liberty. 



BUROANET', ) a kind of helmet; the 



BURGONET', j Spanish murrion. The 

 word is Fr. bouryuignote, from burg in the 

 sense of guarding or covering. 



BCRGFO'IS, a French word meaning bur- 

 geu, and pronounced boorzhwd, from 

 bourg, a borough. The same word is 

 used in Britain to denote a species of 

 type or printing letter, smaller than long 

 p'rimer and larger than brevier ; in this 

 sense pronounced sometimes burjnis and 

 sometimes burjo. 



BCR'OEOS , in Fr. bourgeon; a term used 



to denote the button or bud put forth by 

 the branch of a tree in spring. 



BUR'GESS, in England, the holder of a 

 tenement in a borough ; in a parliamen- 

 tary sense, the representative of a bo- 

 rough ; in Scotland, a member of the cor- 

 poration of a borough. 



BCRG'GRAVE. I In some countries, espe- 



BCRG'RAVE. } cially Germany, the 

 hereditary governor of a castle, from bury 

 and grave or graf, a governor. 



BURGH, a borough. Originally a forti- 

 fied town. See BOROUGH. 



BURGH'-BOTE, in ancient times, a con- 

 tribution (bate) towards the building ot 

 repairing of castles, walls, &c., for the 

 defence of the burgh. 



BURGHERS AND ANTT-BCRGHERS, & 

 body of seceders from the Clmrch of Scot- 

 land, who separated in the year 1733, 

 in consequence of an undue exercise of 

 patronage in the church. They pre- 

 served a distinct existence till 1820, when 

 they joined in one. Out of their body 

 sprung a large and respectable denomi- 

 nation of Christians, distinguished by 

 their hostility to the church, and in 

 favour of what is now termed volun- 

 taryism. 



BURGH'-MAIL, formerly a' yearly pay- 

 ment to the crown in Scotland, resembling 

 the fee-farm-rent of English boroughs. 



BURGH'MOTE, the court of a burgh, 

 mote, a court. 



BURGLARY, from Ger. burg, a house, 

 and Arm. laer, a thief (whence Fr. larron). 

 The breaking and entering the house of 

 another by night with the intent to com- 

 mit some felony, whether such felonious 

 intention be executed or not. To consti- 

 tute this crime, the act must be com- 

 mitted in the night, and in a dwelling- 

 house or in an adjoining building which 

 is part and parcel of the same. There 

 must be an actual breaking and an entry ; 

 but the opening of a door or window, 

 picking a lock or unlocking it with a key, 

 raising a latch or loosing any fastenings, 

 constitutes a breaking ; and a putting in of 

 the hand after such breaking, is an entry. 



BURGOMASTER, |a magistrate, or one 



BUROHMASTER, ) employed in the go- 

 vernment of a city. The burgomasters are 

 the chief magistrates of the great towns 

 of Holland, Flanders, and Germany. The 

 same officer in France is called maire ; in 

 England and North America, mayor ; and 

 in Scotland, provost. 



BCRGOUT (pron. burgoo), the French 

 name of a dish much cooked at sea. It 

 consists of groats boiled in water till they 

 burst, with a little butter. 



BURGUNDY, a province of France, in 

 which the wine so called is made. In 

 richness of flavour and porfivne, aud in 

 all the more delicate qualities of the jnt>-e 

 of the grape, the wine* of Burgundy un- 



