C AL 



185 



C AL 



CALCM'BA, the root of the Cocculus pal- 

 matus, imported from Colomha in Cey- 

 lon. Synonyms, Colombo, Colombo, Co- 

 lamba. 



CAL'CMET, the Indian pipe of peace, 

 corresponding ia some measure to the 

 European flag of truce. The bowl of the 

 pipe is usually made of a red soft marble, 

 and the tube of reed ornamented with 

 feathers. From this instrument the ca- 

 lntnet dance, the least hideous of the In- 

 dian dances, has its name. 



CA I/VARY, from calvaria, a skull. In 

 heraldry, a cross set upon steps in imi- 

 tation of that on which Christ was cruci- 

 fied on Mount Calvary. 



CAL'VES-SXOUT, the herb snap-dragon. 

 See ANTIRRHINUM. 



CAL'VINISM, that system of religious 

 doctrine taught by John Calvin, the dis- 

 tinguishing features of which are em- 

 braced in the jive points, predestination, 

 particular redemption, total depravity, 

 irresistible grace, and the certain perse- 

 verance of the saints. The doctrines of 

 the trinity and original sin , are common to 

 other protestant sects besides Calviiiists. 



CALX (Latin), properly lime or chalk, 

 but the term is now more generally ap- 

 plied to the residuum of a metal or mine- 

 ral which has been subjected to a violent 

 heat, burning or calcination, and which 

 is or may be reduced to a fine powder. 

 Metallic calces are now generally called 

 oxides. 



CALX NATI'VA (Latin), native calx: a 

 kind of marly earth which, without burn- 

 ing, will make with water a sort of cal- 

 careous cement. 



CAXY'BIO, Xui7, a cottage. A one- 

 celled, inferior, or few-seeded fruit, en- 

 closed in a capsule, as the acorn of the oak. 



CAL'TCAXTHA'CE.S:. Calycanthus the 

 type. A natural order of plants related 

 to Rosaceae. 



CALYCAN'THEM.S, an order of plants in 

 Linnaeus' fragments of a natural method, 

 consisting of plants which have the co- 

 rolla and stamina inserted in the calvx ; 

 hence the name from calyx and etufto;, 

 a flower. 



CALTCAN'THUS, the all-spice, a genus of 

 American trees. Icosandria Polygynia. 

 Name from xat^v^, a calyx, and <zv6o;, 

 a flower ; the corolla consisting of leaves 

 on the calyx. 



CALT'CERA, the wax-cup, a genus of syn- 

 genesious plants of the order Polygamia 

 segregata. Name from calyx and cera, 

 wax. 



CA'LYCERA'CE*. Calycera the type. A 

 natural order of plants related to Coin- 

 positae. 



CA'LYCIFT.O'R.F,, an order of plants in 

 Linnaeus' fragments of a natural method. 

 Name from calyx and flos, the order con- 



sisting of plants which have the stamina 

 inserted in the calyx. 



CALY'CINAL, Lat. calycinalis, belonging 

 to the calyx of a flower. Applied to the 

 nectary when it is a production of the 

 calyx. 



CALYC'CLATE, Lat. calyculatus. having a 

 double calyx, or several successively di- 

 minishing in size. Applied to a peria-ith, 

 when there are smaller ones like s ,r.le< 

 about its base : six seeds are inclosed id 

 hard bone-like calyx. 



CAL'YCCLE, Lat. calyculus, a little caiyx. 

 Used to designate, 1. Themembranaceous 

 border surrounding the apex of a seed. 



2. A little calyx exterior to another 



proper one. 



CALYM'ENE, a genus of Trilobites, long 

 confounded with insects under the came 

 of JSntomolithits paradoxes. This genus 

 appears to have been extinguished with 

 the termination of the carboniferous 

 strata. The name is from xtxettofAfAtnv;. 

 concealed, in reference to the dubious 

 characters of these fossils. 



CALYP'SO. 1. In mythology, a daughter 

 of Atlas. She inhabited the woody island 

 Ogygia, situated deep in the ocean, re - 

 mote from all intercourse with men and 



gods. She died of love for Ulysses. 



I. The generic name of a perennial plant 

 'C. borealis) of North America and Europe. 



CALYP'TER, xaXuvrr,', a covering. Used 

 n anatomy to designate a carneous ex- 

 crescence covering the haemorrhoidal vein. 



CALYP'TRA, Lat. from %a.Xvrrr*i, to 

 cover. In botany, 1. The veil or covering 

 of mosses ; a kind of membraneous hood 

 placed on a thin capsule or fructification, 



ke an extinguisher on a candle. 2. 



The proper exterior covering or coat of 

 the seed, which falls off spontaneously. 



CALYPTRs:'A,a genus of Mollusca, hav- 



g a conical shell ; placed in the Capuloid 

 family by Cuvier, and among the Halio- 

 idae or ear-shells by Swainson. Name 

 "rom Km,Kvvrta, to cover, there being 

 found in the hollow of the shell a little 



mina that projects inwards, and inter- 

 joses itself between a fold of the abdo- 

 ninal sac. 



CALYp'xRATE.Lat. calyptratus. Having 



covering like the calyptra of mosses. 



CALYSTE'OIA, the bearbind. A genus of 

 ilants mostly perennials. Pentatidria 

 Monogyma. Name from calyx and ffrt- 

 , to conceal. 



CA'LYX, from xat,\v%, the flower-cup 

 othv*ru, to cover. Used in botany to 

 designate the external covering of a 

 lower, generally resembling the leaves in 

 colour and texture. There arc seven kinds 

 if calyces, viz. perianthium. amentum 

 patha, gluiua . involucrum, pertctuMtOB 

 volva. 



