CAR I 



t 'ine other substance, as the carburet of 

 Lou (steel). 



CAR'BURET oy SULPHUR, called also su/- 

 f\:irct ff carbon and alcohol of sulphur ; a 

 volatile liquid, possessing a penetrating 

 friid smell, and acrid burning taste. It 

 if- valuable for producing great degrees 

 of cold by its rapid evaporation. Symb. 



CS2. 



CAR'BURETTED HYDROGEN. There are 

 two gases to which this name has been 

 applied: 1. Light carburetted hydrogen, 

 or subcarburetted hydrogen, or bihydruret 

 of carbon, the fire-d'amp of miners : symb. 



H2 C. 2. Heavy carburetted hydrogen, 



or hydruret of carbon, or oletiant gas: 

 H2 C'2. Both are inflammable but do not 

 support respiration or combustion. In 

 oil- gas the last, and in coal-gas the first, 

 predominates. In the process of com- 

 pressing oil-gas into portable gas-lamps, 

 Mr. Faraday discovered two liquid car- 

 burets of hydrogen : a bicarbitret of hydro- 

 gen (C2 H). and quadro-carburetted hydro- 

 ^.n (C4 H4), which is isomeric with 

 o.tjfiant gas. Strictly all such substances 

 r * naphtha, oil of turpentine, oil of wine, 

 tioutchoucine, otto of roses, &c., which 

 contain only carbon and hydrogen, are 

 carburets of hydrogen, but perhaps more 

 appropriately hydrurets of carbon. 



CAR'CASS. I. The frame- work of some 

 structure unfinished and without orna- 

 nent; e. g. a house before it is lathed and 

 jlastered or the boards are laid, is called 



t carcass. 2. An iron case about the 



size of a bomb, filled with combustible 

 materials, to be thrown from a mortar to 

 set fire to buildings or ships. It has aper- 

 tures through which the fire blazes, and 

 the light afforded sometimes serves as a 

 direction in throwing shells. It is named, 

 perhaps, from the ribs of iron that form 

 it, which resemble the ribs of an animal 

 carcass. 



CARCER'ULUS (Lat), a little prison. A 

 name applied to fruits consisting of a 

 small number of dry indehiscent few- 

 seeded cells, coherent round a single axis. 



CARCINO'MA., cancer (xaextvosl. See 

 CANCER. 



CARCINOM'ATOUS, of the nature of car- 

 cinoma or cancer. 



CARD, a small letter of intimation, called 

 also when it regards business, a note. 

 There are also call-cards, containing 

 merely the address of the caller ; and } 

 notice -cards, which give some intimation, 

 as of the sailing of a vessel. In these ' 

 senses the word is from Lat. charta, paper, 

 for other significations see CARDS. 



CAR'DAMINE, the Lady's-smock: a genus 

 of hardy plants. Tetradynamia Siliq-wsa. 

 Name from xctfiict, the heart, which it 

 was supposed to strengthen. One of the 

 Hritish species (C. pratentit), is called 



>9 C A R 



cuckoo-flower, and others have otter 

 local names, as meadow-cn;ss. &c. 



CARDAMO'MUM, a perennial plant of the 

 East Indies. This is the true cardamom, 

 but the name is given to various other 

 plants. See CARDAMOMS. 



CAR'DAMOMS, the seed capsules produced 

 by the cardamom plants, of which there 

 are various species growing in India, 

 Cochin China, Siam, and Ceylon. The 

 lesser cardamoms are the capsules of the 

 Matonia cardamomum ; the greater carda- 

 moms, called also seeds of paradise, are 

 produced by the Amomum granum para- 

 disi. Both kinds are highly aromatic, 

 have a piercing smell, and a bitterish 

 though not unpleasant taste. The best 

 are brought from the coast of Jl.alabar. 



CAR'DIAC ARTERIES, the coronary ar- 

 teries of the heart. 



CAR'DIAC CONFECTION, a medicine pos- 

 sessing stimulant and antispasmodic vir- 

 tues, prepared from a mixture of cinna- 

 mon bark, nutmegs, cloves, cardamora 

 seeds, saffron, &c. 



CAR'DIAC PASSION, an old name for 

 heartburn. 



CAR'DIAC PLEXUS, the plexus of nerves 

 which supplies the heart. 



CAR'DIAC VEINS, the coronary veins of 

 the heart. 



CARDIAL'OIA, from xx^i, and aXyo; '. 

 an uneasy sensation in the stomach, with 

 heat more or less violent; frequently a 

 symptom of other diseases, as dyspepsia, 

 &c. Heartburn and black-water (Scotland, 

 water-brash), are species of this disease. 



CAR'DINAL, Lat. cardinalis, fundamental. 

 Taken substanti cely , cardinal is the title 

 of an ecclesiastical f-vince in the Romish 

 church, who has a voice in the conclave 

 at the election of a pope : the pope is taken 

 from the number of cardinals. The rank 

 of cardinal was originally inferior to that 

 of bishop, but these dignitaries have now 

 changed places. 



CARDINAL NUMBERS, the numbers one 

 two, three, &c., in distinction from first, 

 second, third, &c., which are ordinal num- 

 bers. 



CAR'DINAL POINTS , the four intersections 

 of the horizon, North, South, East, and 

 West. In astrology, the cardinal points 

 are the rising and setting of the sun, the 

 zenith and the nadir. 



CAR'DINAL SIGNS.. Aries, Libra, Cancer, 

 and Capricorn. 



CAR'DINAL VIRTUES, prudence, temper- 

 ance, justice, and fortitude. 



CAR'DINAL WINDS, those winds which 

 blow from the cardinal points. 



CAR'DINAL'S CAP, a cap or hat of a pecu- 

 liar form wora by cardinals. 



CARD'INO MACHINE, a machine for comb- 

 ing, cleaning, and breaking wool and 

 cott>n. It consists of cylinders thickly 



