CAR 



202 



CAR 



It i* often witnessed in individuals 

 picking the bed-clothes : it is a very un- 

 favourable symptom. 



CARPE'NTS, the hornbeam-tree. Agonus 

 of which three species are described, be- 

 sides several British varieties. Moitcecia 

 Polyandria. 



CAR'POBAL'SAMC'M, Gr. from zat$Te;, 

 fruit, and pxhff-xiu.ov, balsam. The exu- 

 dation Of the fruit of the Amysis Gilead- 

 ensis. 



CARPOL'OOT, that branch of botany 

 which treats of fruits; xa.*voi , fruit, and 

 Aayaj , doctrine. 



CARRAGEEN, \ marine pearl moss, 



CARRAGAHEE'N, J found in the West of 

 Ireland. The jelly formed from it is more 

 firm than that deduced from the Iceland 

 moss, or Indian arrow-root. 



CAR'RARA MARBLE, a species of white 

 marble, called manner hmcnse and Ugus- 

 trum, by the ancients. It is distinguished 

 from the Parian or statuary marble, by 

 being harder and less bright. It takes its 

 name from Carrara, in Italy. 



CAR'REL, an apartment for privacy ; a 

 cross-boTV bolt ; the arrow used in cross- 

 bows. 



CAR'RIAGE, from the root of carry. A 

 general term for a coach, or other vehicle 

 on wheels ; as a cannon-carriage on trucks ; 

 a block-carriage for mortars ; and a truck- 

 carriage. In architecture, the term de- 

 notes the framework which supports the 

 steps of a wooden stair. 



CAR'RICK-BEND, a particular kind of 

 knot. 



CAR'RICX-SITTS, the bitts which, support 

 the windlass in a ship. 



CAR'RONADE, a short piece of ordnance, 

 having a large calibre, and a chamber for 

 the powder, like a oortar. This species 

 of cannon is carried on the upper works 

 of ships, as the poop and forecastle. It 

 takes its name from Carron, in Scotland, 

 where it was first cast. 



CARROO'X. 1. In London, a rent re- 

 ceived for the privilege of driving a 

 cart. 2. A variety of cherry. 



CAH'RYI.NO TRADE, the trade which con- 

 sists in transporting goods by water 

 firom country to country. 



CAR'RYING WIND. In the manage, a 

 tossing of the nose as high as the ears. 



CAUSE LAND, alluvial soil in a state of 

 aration. 



CART BOTB, timber to which a tenant 

 is entitled for repairing carts, &c. 



CART TIRE, the bands of iron, used to 

 bind the wheels of a cart. 



CARTE-BLANCHE (French), white paper ; 

 a blank paper signed at the bottom by a 

 person, and given to another, wit), per- 

 mission to insert what conditions he 

 pleases ; applied usually in the sense of 

 nnlimited terms granted to a person. 



CAR'TEL, from Lat. charlula. 1. A 

 writing or agreement between states at 

 war for exchange of prisoners or other 

 mutual advantage; also the vessel em- 

 ployed to convey the messenger on this 



occasion. 2. A letter of defiance, a 



challenge. 



CAH'TEL <HIP, a ship employed in the 

 exchange of prisoners, or in carrying pro- 

 positions to an enemy. 



CAR'THAMUS, a genus of plants mostly 

 European. Syngenesia Polyg. ttqualis. 

 Name from xa9cti%tu, to purge. The 

 well-known saffron-flower or bastard saf- 

 fron, used in dyeing, is the flower of the 

 C. tinctoriits, an annual much cultivated 

 in Egypt. A variety is cultivated in 

 Spain and the Levant. 



CARTHC'SIANS, an order of monks so 

 called from Chartreuse, the place of their 

 institution. They are remarkable for 

 their austerity. 



CAR'TILAGE, Lat. cartilago, gristle ; 

 smooth, solid, animal matter, softer than 

 bone, and harder than ligament. It forms 

 the nidus in which the earthy matter of 

 most bones is deposited. 



CARTILAG'INOUS, Lat. cartilagineus , 

 gristly. 1. In icthyology, fishes form two 

 distinct series, that of fishes properly so 

 styled, and that of the chondropterygii , 

 otherwise called cart ilaginous fishes. The 

 skeleton of these contains no osseous 

 fibres, the calcareous matter being depo- 

 sited in small grains and not in filaments. 



2. In botany, the margins of leaves 



are said to be cartilaginous when they 

 are of a hard or strong consistence. 



CARTOO'N, Ital. cartone, pasteboard; a 

 design made on strong paper, to be after- 

 wards chalked through and transferred 

 to the fresh plaster of a wall, to be after- 

 wards painted in fresco ; also a coloured 

 design for working in mosaic, tapestry, &c. 



CARTOU'CH, Fr. cartouche, from carte, 

 paper. 1. An ornament in architecture 

 resembling a scroll of paper, being usually 

 in the form of a table or flat member with 

 wavings, whereon is some inscription or 

 device. It is nearly akin to a modillon, 

 and is called by some workmen a dentil. 

 2. A case holding about 400 musket- 

 balls, and six or eight iron balls of a 

 pound weight, to be fired out of a howit- 

 zer for defending a pass. 3. A car- 

 tridge-box. 



CARTRIDGE (corrupted from cartottch^.A 

 case of pasteboard or strong paper, hold- 

 ing the charge of powder or powder and 

 ball for a cannon, mortar, musket, or p : s- 

 tol. They are carried in a cartridge-box. 



CARTf'LARY, Sp. cartulario, from carta, 

 paper, a register-book or record of a mo- 

 nastery. Blackstone writes the M'ord 

 chartttlary. 



CARU'CATE, Lat. caruca, as much land as 

 one team can plough in a year. 



