CHE 



219 



CHE 



feeding pigs, &c. ; Chat-wood, small wood 

 only fie for fuel. 



CH.VT'TELS. In laic, all goods moveable 

 or immoveable, except such as have the 

 nature of freehold. The term is only 

 used in the plural form. 



CHAT, CHAYA-ROOT, the rootof the OMn- 

 landia umbellata, a biennial, which grows 

 wild on the Coromandel coast, and is like- 

 wise cultivated there for the use of dyers, 

 for the same purposes as madder is with us. 



CHECK, ) an order to some person, 



CHEQUE, ) usually a banker, to pay a 

 specified sum to the bearer on demand, in 

 which respect it differs from a bill of ex- 

 change* 



CHECK-MATE, a movement in the game 

 of chess which kills or hinders the adver- 

 sary's king from moving. Mate is from 

 Spanish matar, to kill. 



CHECK?. In heraldry, a border that has 

 more than two rows of checkers, or when 

 the bordure is checkered after the manner 

 of a chess-board. 



CHEEKS. In mechanics, those pieces of 

 a machine which form corresponding 

 sides, or which are double and alike, and 

 have the operative parts of the machine 

 between them. 



CHEESE, the curd of milk, coagulated by 

 rennet, separated from the serum or whey, 

 and pressed in a vat or mould to harden 

 it. The principal varieties of cheese 

 known in commerce are: Brickbat, 

 formed of new milk and cream, chiefly 

 in "Wiltshire, and sold in square pieces 

 about the size of brickbats. Cheddar, a 

 rich, thick, and round variety, of a spongy 

 appearance, weighing usually about 

 200 Ibs. Cheshire, a rich, solid, and homo- 

 geneous quality, weighing from 100 Ibs 

 to 200 Ibs. Derbyshire, a small, rich and 

 while variety. Dunlop, a quality made 

 in Scotland, very like the Derbyshire. 

 Glow-ester, a rich and mild variety, of two 

 qualities, the sinyle and double: the for- 

 mer contains half the cream of the milk, 

 and the last the whole. Sage or green 

 cheese is simply coloured by a decoction 

 of sage and other leaves added to the 

 milk. In Scotland seeds of lovage are 

 added. Lincolnshire,^ small and soft qua- 

 lity, made of new milk and cream. Nor- 

 folk is dyed yellow with annotto or saffron. 

 Slip-coat, a small and very rich variety, 

 not unlike butter, but white. Stilton, a 

 solid, rich, buttery, and white sort, made 

 in Leicestershire. It is seldom used till 

 two years old, and is the dearest of En- 

 glish cheeses. Coei/iw,thi8differsfrom 

 the former chiefly in shape, being broad, 

 while the Stilton is twice as high as it is 

 broad. The Cottenham is also superiorly 

 flavoured. Suffolk, a variety made from 

 skim-milk, that is milk deprived of the 

 whole cream. Yorkshirt is the same as 

 tfcc Blip -coat cheese. 



CHEESE-PRESS, a machine for pressing 

 curd in the making of cheese. 



CHEESE REN'NET, a plant, ladies' bed 

 Straw (Galium verum). See RENNET. 



CHEESE- VAT, the vat or case in which 

 curd is placed to be pressed in the process 

 of making cheese. 



CHKE'TA, a Mahratta name common to 

 the Felisjnbata (the hunting leopard), and 

 the Felis leopardus. In this country it is 

 confined to the former species. 



CHB'OOE, a tropical insect that enters 

 the skin of the feet, and multiplies incre- 

 dibly. 



CHEIRAN'THCS, the Stock wall-floicer, a 

 genus of plants. Tetradynamia Siliguosa. 

 Name from %u, the hand, and aiOof, a 

 flower ; a flower to be borne in the hand. 



CHEIROP'TERA, a family of mammiferous 

 animals which have the fingers of the 

 hand greatly elongated, and a production 

 of the skin extending between the fingers 

 and between the hands and the feet, so as 

 to supply the place of wings, and enable 

 the animals to fly small distances ; e. g. 

 the bats. This family stands first in Cu- 

 vier's order Carnaria. Name from %U% t 

 a hand, and ^^oiet, a wing. 



CHEL'IFER, the name given by Geoffrey 

 to the Obisium of Illiger. The chelifers 

 form a genus placed by Cuvier among the 

 pseudo-scorpions. They closely resemble 

 small scorpions destitute of tail, run. 

 swiftly, and frequently retrograde like 

 crabs, whence the generic name chelifer. 



CHELO'NIA, Chelonians. The tortoise 

 tribe ; %ti.uw, a tortoise. In the arrange- 

 ment of Cuvier, Chelonia forms the first 

 order of Reptilia. Linna?us includes Che- 

 Ionia in the genus Testudo. The order is 

 now divided in the genera Testudo or Land 

 Tortoises; Emys or Fresh -water Tor- 

 toises ; Chelonia or Sea Tortoises ; Chelys 

 or Batrachian Tortoises, and Trionyx or 

 Soft-shelled Tortoises ; and Merremi has 

 distinguished by the name of Sphargis 

 those cheloniae whose shell is destitute of 

 plates. Name from x&urri, testudo, a 

 tortoise. 



CHELSEA PENSIONER, the name of a nos- 

 trum for rheumatism, consisting of gum 

 guaiac, rhubarb, cream of tartar, flowers 

 of sulphur, nutmeg, and clarified honey. 

 It is said to derive its name from a Chel- 

 sea pensioner having cured Lord Ani- 

 herst with it. 



CHEM'ISTRT, from %y/u.u, usually de- 

 rived from %ua, to fuse or melt, but more 

 probably the old name of Egypt (Chemia), 

 where the art had its origin. The learned 

 were long unagreed upon the most proper 

 definition of chemistry. Eoerhaave calls 

 it an art ; Macquer, Black, Fourcroy, and 

 most modern chemists, call it a science. 

 According to Brande, it is that branch ol 

 natural knowledge which teaches us th 



