CIN 



226 



CIP 



CICC'TA. the water-hemlock and cow-bane ; 

 a genus. Pelandria Digynia. Name, the 

 Latin word for hemlock, and also for a 

 shepherd's pipe> made of the hollow stalks 

 of hemlock. 



CID, Arab., seid, lord. The name of an 

 epic poem of the Spaniards, celebrating 

 the exploits of their hero, Roderigo Diaz, 

 Count of Bivar. 



CID'ARIS, a family of echinites charac- 

 terised by their hemispherical form, and 

 named from xiboc.^;, the cap of state worn 

 by the ancient Persian kings, which they 

 were supposed to resemble. From other 

 characters, derived from their spines, 

 they have obtained the names of sea- 

 tirchtns, sea-hedgehogs, sea-thistles, &c., 

 and those in a fossil state have obtained 

 many fanciful names expressive of their 

 supposed origin, as ombria, from ou./3gj, 

 heavy rain, from the notion that they fell 

 in a heavy shower of rain ; brontia, from 

 fSetvrr,, thunder, from an idea that they 

 were thrown to the earth by thunder ; 

 ceraunii lapides, under the impression that 

 they were generated by lightning; che- 

 lonites, from their resemblance to the 

 shells of the tortoise; and ot-a anguina, 

 from the notion that they were the eggs 

 of serpents. 



CIL'ERY, ornaments of foliage and dra- 

 pery on the heads of architectural columns. 



CI'LIA, Lat. plural otcilhim, the hair of 

 the eye-brows ; the eye-lashes. In botany, 

 a species of pubescence which consists of 

 hairs on the margin of a leaf or petal, 

 giving it a fringed appearance. In 

 zoology, the hair-like organs of motion in 

 the radiated animals. The cilia resemble 

 very minute hairs, and are only visible 

 with the microscope. 



CIMA, zvftct- In architecture, a mould- 

 ing which is generally the upper one of a 

 cornice. It is called by workmen an ogee 

 (OG), being an undulating ornament. 



CIMBIA. In architecture, a list, string, 

 fillet, or cincture. 



CI'MEX, the generic name of the wall- 

 louse or bug, from XHUMI, to inhabit. 

 Order Hemiptern, family Geocorisee, Cuv. 

 This genus, of which our common bed-bug 

 is a too familiar example, is now divided 

 into upwards of forty subgenera. 



CIMO'LIAN EARTH. ) Fullers' earth. It is 



CIM'OLITE. ) of a greyish white 



colour, and consists of alumina, silex, 

 oxide of iron, and water. It is named 

 from Cimolus, an island in the Cretan sea. 



CIN'AHOCEPHAI.I'JE, a natural family of 

 plants, named from jj*vaa,an artichoke, 

 and xi$ct\vi, a head, in allusion to the 

 shape of their inflorescence, as the thistle, 

 burdock, blue-bottle, &c. 



CINCHO'NA. 1. The Cinchona or Poru- 

 rian bark tree. PentandriaMonoaynia 



2. The pharmacopooial name of se- 

 veral kinds of Peruvian barks. The trees 

 which afford these barks grow wiM in 

 the hilly parts of Peru : whence the name 

 Penman. The name Cinchona is derived 

 from the circumstance that, among the 

 earliest cures effected by this medicine 

 was, in 1638, that of the Spanish viceroy's 

 lady, the Countess del Cinchon, at Lima, 

 when it came to be distinguished as the 

 Cortex cincfwtue, and Pulvis comitissee. On 

 the recovery of the Countess, she distri- 

 buted a large quantity of the bark to 

 the Jesuits, in whose hands it acquired 

 great celebrity, and by them was intro- 

 duced into Europe, whereby it acquired 

 the name of Cortex jesuiticus, or Jesuit's 

 bark. S/^KARK. 



CINCH'ONINK, the salifiable base oral- 

 kali obtained from the Cinchona conda- 

 minee,or gray Peruvian bark, as quinine is 

 from the yellow bark ( Cinchona cordifolia}. 



CINCIXA'CEJE, Cinchona the type; a 

 natural order of shrubby or arborescent 

 exogcns. 



CIXC'TURE, Lat. rinctura. The circular 

 concavity near the head or base of a 

 column ; from cingo, to surround. It is 

 supposed to be in imitation of the girths 

 or ferrules anciently used to strengthen 

 wooden columns. 



CIN'NA.BAR, the native red sulphuret of 

 mercury, named from Arabic, kennabar. 

 It is the most prolific ore of mercury, and 

 occurs in veins, surrounded by a black 

 clay, and associated with native quick- 

 silver, amalgam with iron-ore, lead- 

 glance, blende, copper-ore, and sometimes 

 gold. That of Almaden, in Spain, is said 

 to be the richest. The artificial red sul- 

 phuret of mercury, or factitious cinnabar, 

 is called in commerce vermilion. 



CIX'NAMON, XIWU.[M>I. The bark of the 

 cinnamon-tree (Laurus cinnamomum) , a 

 native of Ceylon, where it grows in great 

 abundance ; it is also found in Cochin- 

 China. It is thin, light-yellow in colour, 

 smooth, and shining ; has an agreeable, 

 warm, aromatic flavour, and a mild, 

 sweetish taste. Cassia barks are often 

 mixed with cinnamon: these are thick, 

 brown in colour, and pungent to the 

 taste. 



CIN'NAMON-STONE, a hyacinth-red va- 

 riety of the dodecahedral garnet, called 

 also Essonite. The finest specimens are 

 brought from Ceylon. 



CINQUE PORTS, or FIVE PORTS. The 

 seaport towns of Dover, Sandwich, Hast- 

 ings, Hythe, and Romney ; to which 

 three others were afterwards added, viz. 

 "Winchilsea, Rye, and Scaford. These 

 towns possess peculiar privileges, and are 

 under the government of a lord-warden. 



CI'PHER, from an Arabic word mean- 

 ing empty : the arithmetical character 



