CIR 



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C I T 



Circuit, Western Circuit, and Northern 

 Circuit. In Wales them are two circuits 

 the North and South In Scotland 

 there are three the Southern, Western, 

 and Northern. 



CIRCUITY. In late , a longer course of 

 proceeding than is necessary to recover 

 the thing sued for. 



CIK'CL LAR, an advertising letter. A cir- 

 cular is printed with a fly-leaf, a bill has 

 no fly-leaf. When a circular is very small 

 it is called a card. 



CIRCULAR INSTRUMENTS. All instru- 

 ments for measuring angles, in which the 

 quadrillion extends round the whole cir- 

 cumference, from O e to 360. 



CIRCULAR NUMBERS, numbers whose 

 powers terminate in the roots. Thus, all 

 the powers of 5 terminate in 5. 



CIRCULAR PARTS. The name given by 

 Lord Napier to a proposition invented by 

 him, which gives all the relations of the 

 parts of a right-angled spherical triangle. 



CIRCULAR SAILING, the method of 

 moving or sailing a ship upon a great 

 circle of the globe. 



CIRCULATE. In arithmetic, a circulating 

 decimal is sometimes so called. 



CIRCULATING DECIMALS, called also re- 

 curring decimals, are such as consist in a 

 repetition of the same figures, as '656565, 

 &C-. When the circulation consists of the 

 same figure repeated, the decimal is called 

 a simple circulate, as '333, &c. ; when the 

 period of circulation consists of more than 

 one figure, it is called a compound circu- 

 late, as '123123123, &C. 



CIRCULATION (of the blood), the natural 

 motion of the blood in the living animal, 

 whereby it is alternately sent by the 

 action of the heart through the arteries 

 to all parts of the body, and returned to 

 the heart through the veins. 



CIRCUMTEREN'TOR, an instrument used 

 by surveyors in taking angles. It consists 

 of a brass index and circle, all of a piece ; 

 on the circle is a compass, the meridian 

 line of which answers to the middle of 

 the breadth of the index. There are also 

 two sights to screw on and slide up and 

 down the index : also a spangle and socket 

 screwed on the back part of the circle, to 

 put the head of the staff in. 



CIRCI-MPO'LAR ST\RS, are those stars 

 situated so near the north pole of the 

 heavens as to revolve round it without 

 setting. 



CIRCUMSCRI'BED FIGURE. In geometry, 

 a figure drawn about another figure so as 

 to touch it on every side. 



CIRCUMSCRIBED HYPERBOLA, one of 

 Newton's hyperbolas of the second order, 

 which cuts its asymptotes, and contains 

 the part cut off within itself. 

 CIRCUMSTAN'TIAL EVIDENCE. In law, 

 that evidence which is obtained from 

 circumstances which usually attend facts 



of a particular nature, from whic 

 presumption. 



CIRCI MVALLV'TION, from cirnimrallo, to 

 wall round ; the surrounding of trenches 

 with a wall or rampart; also the rampart 

 or fortii'cation surrounding a besieged 

 place. This word denotes properly th 

 wall or rampart thrown up, but as tha 

 rampart is formed by entrenching, and 

 the trench makes a part of the fortifica- 

 tion, the term is applied to both. 



CIR'CUS. 1. In antiquity, a large oval 

 building for the exhibition of popular 

 games and shows: that of Maximus was 



nearly a mile in circumference. 2. In, 



modern times, a circular inclosure for the 

 exhibition of feats of horsemanship. 



CIRRHOP'ODA, the sixth class of Mollusca 

 in the arrangement of Cuvier. Named 

 from cirrhus, and trovs- The cirrhophods 

 are almost always inclosed in multivalve 

 shells, secreted from the outer surface of 

 a fleshy, thin, enveloping mantle, and 

 are attached to submarine bodies either 

 by their base or by a fleshy tubular pe- 

 duncle. The position of the animal in the 

 shell, is such that the mouth is at the 

 bottom, and the cirri near the orifice. 



CIR'RHTIS, Lat. cirrus, a tendril. Ap- 

 plied to describe the apices of bodies, 

 which are terminated by a spiral append- 

 age. 



CIR'RUS, T.at. from zigat, a horn. 1. In 

 botany, a clasper or tendril: one of the 



fulcra or props of plants. 2. In concho- 



logy, a genus of fossil spiral shells of the 

 chalk deposit. 



CIS'SOID, in the higher geometry , a curve 

 line of the second order, invented by 

 Diocles.an ancient Greek geometrician, 

 for the purpose of finding two continued 

 mean proportionals between two other 

 given lines; and named by him from 

 ttra-of, ivy, and <t$o;, like. 

 CIST, xnrrri, a chest. In architecture, a 

 chest or basket. 



CISTA'CEJE, Cistus the type. A natural 

 order of shrubby or herbaceous Exogeus, 

 habiting the South of Europe and North 

 America. 



Cis'TVAZN,astone receptacle often found 

 in barrows, containing the bones of per- 

 sons interred there. Some of them are 

 not sepulchral. 



CIS'TUS, XIO-TC;. A genus of plants. 

 Polyandria 3Ionogynia. Rock rose 

 species numerous, mostly evergreens, 

 hrubs: natives of warm climates. 



CITA'TION, from cito, to cite. Citation in 

 ecclesiastical courts is the same with 

 summons in civil courts. 



CITH'ERN, Lat. citharajGr. xidetf*- An 

 ancient musical instrument somewhat 

 resembling the guitar. The precise form 

 is not well known. 



