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covering, whether they inhabit the land, 

 the fresh water, or the ocean. Shell-fish 

 are arranged by the characteristics of 

 their shells. 



CONCIA'TOR. In glass-works, the person 

 who proportions the materials to be made 

 into glass. 



CON'CLAVE (Lat.) , an inner room. The 

 room in the Vatican where the cardinals 

 meet to elect a pope : also the assembly 

 itself. 



CONCLU'SION. In logic, that proposition 

 which is inferred from certain former 

 propositions, termed the premises of the 

 argument. 



CONCOC'TION, from concoquo, to digest. 

 Digestive ; also that operation of nature 

 upon morbid matter which renders it fit 

 to be separated from the healthy fluids. 



CON'CORD, from con, and cor, cordis, the 

 heart. In grammar, the agreement of 

 words according to their several inflex- 

 ions, as adjectives with nouns, in gender, 

 number, and case. In law, an agreement 

 between the parties in a fine, made by 

 leave of the court. In music, the union 

 of two or more sounds, in such a manner 

 as to render them agreeable. 



CONCOR'DAT. In canon law, an agree 

 went concerning some beneficiary matter, 

 in particular when made between the 

 pope and a prince. 



CON'CRETE, Lat. concretum, a compound 

 mass. A mass formed by the cohesion of 

 heterogeneous materials. The concrete 

 used by engineers and architects is a com- 

 pact mass of pebbles, sand, and lime, 

 worked together with water, to form the 

 foundations of structures. 



CON'CRETE NUMBERS. See APPLICI.TE 

 NUMBERS. 



CONCRE'TION, from concresco, to grow 

 together. 1. The growing together of 

 parts which in a natural state are sepa- 

 rate. 2. The process by which soft or 



fluid bodies become consistent, solid, or 

 hard. 3. The mass formed by concre- 

 tion ; as a urinary concretion formed in 

 the animal body. 



CONCVS'SION, Lat. conciitio, I shake. A 

 term generally applied to injuries of the 

 brain, from blows and falls. 



CONDENSATION, causing a mass of matter 

 to occupy less space by means of the 

 closer approach of its panicles. "When 

 this is accomplished by external force, it 

 is called compression. The term is gene- 

 rally used with regard to air, gas, and 

 vapours. The two former are condensed, 

 and their elasticity increased by com- 

 pression. The latter are condensed into 

 liquids and solids by the abstraction of 

 heat. 



CONDEN'SZR, a pneumatic engine, 

 whereby an uncommon quantity of air is 

 forced into a given space. It is a sort of 

 syringe, which is worked upon the prin- 



ciple of the force-pump, and performs an 

 operation the reverse of the air-pump. 



CON'DER, from con, and duco, to lead. 1. 

 One who directs the helmsman of a ship 



how to steer. 2. One who stands upon 



an elevated part of the sea-coast, in the 

 time of the herring-fishery, to point to 

 the fishermen by signs the course of the 

 shoals of fish 



CONDITION. In law, is a restraint an- 

 nexed to a thing, so that by the non-per- 

 formance the party shall receive loss, and 

 by the performance, advantage. 



CONDITIONAL PROPOSITION, in logic, is 

 one which asserts the dependence of one 

 categorical proposition on another. 



CON'DOR, a species of vulture, the F. 

 gryphns, Lin., the largest bird kov;n. It 

 is found on the most elevated mountains 

 of the Andes, in South America. It is 

 blackish, the wings ash-coloured ; collar, 

 silky and white, and the male , in addition 

 to his superior caruncle, has another under 

 the beak, like the cock. 



CONDOTTIE'HI. In Italian history, a class 

 of mercenary military adventurers in the 

 Hth and 15th centuries. 



CONDCC'TOR, Lat. from con, and (Sitco, to 

 lead. 1. A body which has the property of 

 transmitting heat or electricity ; opposed 

 to a non-conductor. Most natural bodies, 

 but especially the metals, are conductors. 



2. A pointed metallic rod, affixed 



to buildings, ships, &c. to conduct light- 

 ning to the earth or water, and protect 



the edifice from its effects. 3. A surgical 



instrument to direct the knife in certain 

 operations ; sometimes called a director. 



CON'DYLE, from xot'bvXos, a knot. A 

 process of a bone in the shape of a flat- 

 tened eminence. 



CON'DYLOID, from xov$v\ot, a condyle, 

 and tidof , like. An apophysis of a bone. 



CONDYLU'RA, a genus of carnivorous 

 Mammalia, named from xovtiuhos, a joint, 

 and 6u$ct, a tail. The condylura resemble 

 the mole, except that the tail is longer, 

 and their nostrils are surrounded with 

 little moveable cartilaginous points, 

 which when they separate radiate like a 

 star. The Sorexcristatus, Lin., or radiated 

 mole of North America, belongs to this 

 genus. 



CONE, "Fr. cone, from Lat. conus, from 

 xuvo;, that which shoots to a point. In 

 botany, a conical fruit of several evergreen 

 trees, especially of the pine-tribe. See 

 STRO'BILUS. In geometry, a solid with a 

 circular base, and tapering equally up- 

 wards till it terminates in a point. Were 

 the base a right-lined figure, the solid 

 would be called a pyramid ; and in either 

 case, all the lines drawn from the peri- 

 phery, or bounding line of the base to the 

 apex or top, are straight lines. When the 

 axis is at right angles to the base, the 



