CO U 



249 



cou 



lent to that of carl in England. Fr. 

 Comte, It. Conle, Sp. Conde. It is now 

 merely a title of honour. 



COUN'TER APPJIOA'CHES. Iri fortification, 

 lines and trendies made by the besieged 

 to attack the works of the besiegers or 

 hinder their progress. 



COUN'TER DRUN, a channel dug paral- 

 lel to a canal, &c., for the conveyance of 

 the soccage water, by means of drains, 

 into the lower grounds. 



COUN'TERCHANGED. In heraldry, inter- 

 mixed as the colours of the field and 

 charge. 



COUN'TERDRAWING, a method of copying 

 a design or painting by drawing the out- 

 lines on some transparent medium placed 

 over the picture or drawing. This out- 

 lined sketch is then transferred to the 

 canvas or other material on which the 

 copy is to be made. 



COUNTERFOIL, ) that part of a tally 



COUS'TERSTOCK, ] struck in the Exche- 

 quer which is kept by an officer in that 

 court, the other being delivered to the 

 person who has lent the money on the 

 account, and is called the stock. 



COUN'TERFORT, a buttress, spur or pil- 

 lar, serving to support a wall, &c., liable 

 to bulge. 



COUN'TEROAUGE. In carpentry, a method 

 used to measure the joists by transferring 

 the breadth of a mortise to the place 

 where the tenon is to be, in order to make 

 them fit each other. 



COUN'TEROUARD. In fortification, a work 

 raised before the point of a bastion. 



COUN'TERMARK, a mark frequently seen 

 in ancient coins. 



COUN'TERMINE. In military affairs, a 

 well and gallery sunk and driven till it 

 meets the enemy's mine, to prevent its 

 effects. 



COUN'TERMURE (murus, a wall), a wall 

 raised behind another to supply its place 

 when a breach is made. 



COUN'TERPALED. In heraldry, is when 

 the escutcheon is divided into 12 pales 

 parted per fesse, the two colours being: 

 counterchanged, so that the upper and 

 lower are of different colours. 



COUNTERPART, the corresponding part, 

 or that which answers to another, as the 

 two papers of a contract. In music, the 

 bass is said to be the counterpart of the 

 treble. 



COUN'TER-P*SSANT. In heraldry, is when 

 two lions or other beasts are represented 

 as going contrary ways. 



COUN'TERPOINT. In music, is when the 

 musical characters by which the notes in 

 each part is signified, are placed in such 

 a manner, each with respect to each, as 

 to show how the parts answer one 

 another ; hence in composition counter- 

 point is the art of combining and mo 

 dulating consonant sounds. 



COUN'TERPROOF. In rolling -press print- 

 ing, a print taken off from another fresh 

 printed, which, by being passed fresh 

 through the press, gives an inverted im- 

 pression. 



COUN'TER-ROLL. In law, a counterpart 

 or copy of the rolls relating to appeals, 

 inquests, &c. 



COUN'TERSA'LIENT. In heraldry, is when 

 two beasts are borne in the act of leap- 

 ing from each other. The term is Fr. 

 contre and saiter, to leap. 



COUN'TERSCARPE. In fortification, the 

 exterior talus or slope (escarjie) of the 

 ditch, or the talus that supports the earth 

 of the covert-way, with its parapet and 

 glacis. 



COUNTERSIGN, the signature of a public 

 officer to the charter of a king, prelate, 

 &c., by way of certificate. In military 

 language, see WATCHWORD. 



COUN'TERSINK, to make a cavity in tim- 

 ber- work for the reception of a plate of 

 iron or the head of a screw or bolt. 



COUN'TER SWAL'LOW'S-TAIL. In fortifi- 

 cation, an outwork in the form of a single 

 teuaille, wider at the gorge toward the 

 place than at the head toward the country. 



COUN'TERTENOR. In music, high tenor; 

 a term applied to the highest male voice. 



COUN'TERTIME. In the manage, the re-, 

 sistance of a horse that interrupts his 

 cadence and the measure of his manige, 

 occasioned by a bad horseman or the bad 

 temper of the horse. 



COUNT-WHEEL, in the striking part of 

 a clock, is that which moves round in 12 

 or 24 hours; called also locking-wheel. 



COUNTY CORPORATE, a county invested 

 with particular privileges by charter or 

 royal grant. 



COUNTY-COURT, a court whose jurisdic- 

 tion is limited to a county, incident tc. 

 the jurisdiction of a sheriff. 



COUNTY-PALATINE, a county distin- 

 guished by particular privileges. So 

 called a palatio, because the owner had 

 originally royal powers. The Counties 

 Palatine of England are Lancaster, Ches- 

 ter, and Durham, but the palatine powers 

 are now abridged. 



Coup-D'miL, Fr. The first glance of 

 the eye, with which it surveys anything 

 at large. 



COUP-DE-SOLEII,, Fr. stroke of the sun. 

 A name given to any disorder suddenly 

 produced by the violent scorching of the 

 sun, especially on the head, as phrenitis, 

 apoplexy, &c. 



COUP'LE,FT. 1. A band, as that with 

 which dogs are tied together in pairs. 



2. A rafter. See COUPLES. 



COUPLE-CLOSE. In heraldry, an ordinary 

 so called from its inclosing the chevrons 

 by couples. 



COUPLED COLUMNS, columns arranged is 

 pairs. 



