EUD 



315 



EUP 



I describe ; the science of the manners 

 and customs of nations. 



ETHNOL'OOY, from i8vof, a nation, and 

 \cyo;, discourse; a treatise on the rise, 

 decline, and fall of nations. 



ETI'OLATE, Fr. etioler ; to blanch by con- 

 cealment from thelisht: hence etiolation, 

 the operation of whitening by conceal - 

 xnent from light, as the inner leaves of 

 endive and lettuces when tied up, and 

 celery when earthed. 



ETIQUETTE 7 (Fr.), a ticket; originally a 

 little piece of paper, mark, or title, affixed 

 to a bag or bundle, expressing its contents ; 

 subsequently an account of ceremonies ; 

 at present forms of ceremony. The word 

 took its present meaning in the old cus- 

 tom of delivering tickets containing the 

 orders of ceremony to be observed on 

 public occasions. 



KT'RUPA, a crane and pully, formerly 

 used in France as an instrument of tor- 

 ture. 



ETRUS'CAX, having reference to the an- 

 cient inhabitants of Tuscany prior to the 

 .Romans. 



ETTMOL'OOT, from trvftot, true, and 

 AyS, word; that branch of philology 

 which treats of the origin and derivation 

 of words. The term as used in grammar 

 implies not only derivation, but also in- 

 flection of nouns and verbs. 



ET'VMON, t-nfAOv, from ITU/M>S, true ; a 

 primitive word. 



EUCALYPTUS, a genus of trees. Icosan- 

 dria Monogynia. Name from u> and 

 z,a.KwxTia, to hide, in allusion to the great 

 size of the species, especially the brown 

 gum-tree. New Holland. 



Eu'CHLORiNE,from m, very, and %Xtu%o;, 

 green; the protoxide of chlorine, thus 

 named by Sir H. Davy from its vivid 

 gret-n colour. 



EI'CHLORITE, a mineral thus named, 

 from iv, very, and ^Aa^oj, green, on ac- 

 count of its lively green colour. It is re- 

 markable as containing water and copper. 



EULHOL'OUY, tv%6hoyi>>r, from tw-r n a 

 prayer, and Aoyof, discourse ; the formu- 

 lary or ritual of the Greek church, in 

 which is prescribed the order of cere- 

 monies, sacraments, and ordinances. 



EU'CLASE, the prismatic emerald, thus 

 named from iv, easily, and xKnca, to 

 break, because easily broken, or rather 

 divided into laminae. It has been con- 

 founded with the emerald on account of 

 its green colour. It contains silica, alu- 

 mina, glucina, and the oxides of iron and 

 im. 



EUDIOM'ETER, from HjSio?, purity, and 

 uiTfi*, measure ; an instrument for ascer- 

 taining the quantity of oxygen contained 

 ;u my given bulk of clastic fluid, origin- 



ally applied in experiments upon atmos- 

 pheric air. The oxygen is absorb** T>y 

 nitrous gas, or spongy platinum, and the 

 remainder measured, or a definite quan- 

 tity of hydrogen is introduced into a tube 

 containing a known portion of atmos- 

 pheric air, and the mixture exploded by 

 passing an electric spark through it. 

 Ure's Explosive Eudiometer is perhaps 

 the most convenient, and it is the cheap- 

 est. 



EUDIOM'ETRY, the operation of ascer- 

 taining the purity of air by means of an 

 eudiometer (q. v.). 



EUGE'NIA, an extensive genus of trees. 

 Icosandria Monogynia. Thus named by 

 Micheli, in honour of Prince Eugene of 

 Savoy. The clove-tree, the Malabar ap- 

 ple-tree, the Malay plum-tree, &c., ar& 

 species. All the species are stove-plants. 



EUHARMON'IC, from m, well, and har- 

 monic ; producing harmony well, as the 

 euharmonic organ. 



EUNI'CE, a genus of Annulata. Order 

 Dorsibranchiata. The E. gigantea, Cuv., 

 is the largest of the known annulata, be- 

 ing upwards of four feet. It is found in 

 the sea of the Antilles. 



EUPATO'RIUM, an extensive genus of 

 plants, mostly perennials. Syngenesia 

 Poly, eequalis. Name tuirctTUoiov, the 

 hemp agrimony (the only British'species) , 

 from Mithridatus Eupator, who brought 

 it into use as a counterpoison ; but some 

 derive the name quasi pepatorium, from 

 -rflt$, the liver, because the plant was 

 said to cure diseases of the liver. Tem- 

 perate climates. 



ECPA'TRID^E, eturorg/Sa/- In ancient his- 

 tory, the nobles of Attica. 



EU'PHEMISM, tvprif&iffAOf , from tu, well, 

 and iftfju, to speak ; a rhetorical figure, 

 in which a soft or agreeable word or ex- 

 pression is substituted for one which is 

 offensive to delicate ears. 



EU'PHONY, tuQtuvioc,, from tv, and qtavy, 

 voice ; an easy and smooth enunciation of 

 words. Euphony is sometimes obtained 

 at the expense of grammatical accuracy, 

 by omission and substitution of letters in. 

 words. The Greek language abounds 

 with such euphonies. 



EUPHOR'BIA, the Spurge; an extensive 

 genus of plants. Dodecandria Digynia. 

 Named in honour of Euphorbias, physi- 

 cian to King Juba. Some species are 

 shrubby , others are herbaceous, and many 

 are succulent. All parts of the world. 



EUPHORBIA'CEJE, a natural tribe of 

 plants of which the genus Euphorbia is 

 the type. 



EUPHOR'BIUM, a gum-resin obtained 

 from a perennial species of spurge, the 

 Euphorbia officinar*m. It is Imported 

 . from Ethiopia, Libya, and Mauritania. 



