H AC 3 



produce a winged fruit, which when 

 thrown into the air, whirls round in a 

 peculiar manner: whence the name from 

 Yutoti, to turn round, and x.oc.e'jtg, fruit. 



GYROG'ONITE, from jwoo;, curvus, and 

 Dittos, genus. Fossil seed-vessels of the 

 Chara hispida, found in fresh-water de- 

 posits, and at one time regarded as mi- 

 croscopic shells 



GY'ROMANCY, divination by drawing a 

 circle and walking round it. 



H. 



H, the eighth letter of the English al- 

 phabet, formerly stood as a numeral for 

 200, and with a dash over it for 200,000. 

 In music, h is the seventh degree in the 

 diatonic scale and the twelfth in the chro- 

 matic. 



HAAM, a measure. See AAM. 



HAAR'KIES (Ger.), capillary pyrites in 

 very delicate acicular. crystals. 



HA'BEAS CORPUS (Lat.),' : have the body." 

 A writ of various uses, and of different 

 importance ; but the most celebrated is 

 the habeas corpus ad subjiciendum, which 

 a man who is, or supposes himself to be, 

 aggrieved by unjust imprisonment, may 

 have out of the Queen's Bench, directed 

 to the person detaining him, and com- 

 manding him to produce the prisoner, 

 and bring the prosecution to open trial, 

 instead of prolonging his imprisonment. 

 This writ is founded upon common law, 

 and not only protects the citizen from 

 unlawful imprisonment at the suggestion 

 of the civil officers of the crown, but also 

 against groundless arrests at the suit of 

 individuals. It is secured by many sta- 

 tutes, particularly that of 31 Charles II., 

 which is by distinction called the Habea 

 Corpus Act. 



HABE'RE FA'CIAS POSSESSIONEM. In law, 

 a writ, which lies where one has recovered 

 a term of years, in action of ejectment, 

 to put him into possession. ,Habere facias 

 seisinam, a writ to give seisin of a free- 

 hold estate recovered by ejectment or 

 other action. 



HABER'GEON, Ger. hals, the neck, and 

 bergen, to defend. An ancient piece of 

 defensive armour, descending from the 

 neck to the middle, and formed of little 

 iron rings or meshes linked together. 



HAB'ITAT, contr. of habitation. A term 

 used by naturalists to denote the natural 

 abode or locality of an animal, or the na- 

 ture of the situation in which a plant 

 grows. 



HACK'IXG. In building, an objectionable 

 mode practised by workmen when stones 

 of a proper size are scarce, of completing 

 <i course of a wall. It consists of dividing 

 the course into two, and building with 

 tones of half size. 



4 H AI 



HA'K'LE, an instrument for ; iin.in^ 

 flax or hemp, to separate the broken parti 

 of stalks from the fibre. 



HADE. In mining, the dip or deviation 

 from the vertical, of any mineral vein ; 

 also the steep descent of a shaft. 



HADJ (Arab.), the Mahommednn pil- 

 grimage to Mecca and Medina; whence 

 Hadji, a pilgrim, and Hedja:, the holy 

 land. 



HJEM'ATITES, from ct'i/*ot, blood. A spe- 

 cies of iron ore, called bloodstone from its 

 colour, or perhaps from its being used as 

 a medicine in cases of haemorrhages, 

 fluxes, &c. 



H^MATOCE'LE, from a/,oa, blood, and 

 xr,/.'/i, a tumour. A swelling of the scro- 

 tum or spermatic cord, proceeding from 

 or caused by blood. 



H^EM'ATOID, from ctif&ac, blood, and 

 tTSof , like. An epithet of a peculiar form 

 of malignant tumour. 



H^MATOL'OGY, from OUUM, blood, and 

 Xcya?, discourse. The doctrine of the 

 blood. 



HJEMATO'SINE, from at/Me., blood. The 

 colouring matter of the blood. 



H^MATOXY'LISE, the colouring prin 

 ciple of logwood (hcematoxylon}. 



HXMATOXY'LON, ) the logwood-tree. A 



H.EMATOXT'LUM, / genus. Decandria ~ 

 Monogynia. Name from etl^uet. blood, and 

 uXex, wood, on account of its red colour. 

 One species, South America. 



H.EMUP'TOE, | from alua,- blood, and 



H^MOP'TYSIS, f vni>> to' spit. A spit 

 ting of blood with cough. 



HJEM'ORRHAGE, from a.lu.a,, blood, and 

 %r,<ro-ca, to break out. A flux of blood by 

 rupture of some vessel. 



HJSM'ORKHOIDS, from ctluM, blood, and 

 $iia, to flow. A peculiar disease, the 

 bloody piles. 



HJEKESIMA'CHJE, from oc.io-.trtf, and 

 ftat%6iAi, I fight. Persons who have 

 written against heresy. 



HAGIOG'RAPHA, from a,yit>;, holy, and 

 yCM>, to write; sacred writings. The 

 Jews divided the books of the scriptures 

 into three parts : (1.) The Law, contained 

 in the five books of Moses ; (2). The Pro- 

 phets, or Nevim; (3). The Cetuvim or 

 writings, by way of eminence, and called 

 by the Greeks Hugiographa, now adopted 

 into the English. This class comprehends 

 the Psalms, Proverbs, &c. 



HAIL, \ Sax. htegd. Irregular 



HAILSTONES, j masses of frozen vapour 

 more concentrated than snow, descend 

 ing from the atmosphere like frozen rain. 

 Hail is supposed to be formed in the 

 higher regions, where the cold is greatest, 

 but become larger in descending through 



