HOS 



379 



HOW 



, I write. The art of constructing 

 dials. 



HORO'METUY, e<x, and f&ireov, measure. 

 The art of measuring hours. 



HOROP'TER, from aija and o<TT4u,eti. In 

 optics, a right line drawn through the 

 point where the two optic axes meet, pa- 

 rallel to that which joins the two pupils. 



HOR'OSCOPE, from ca^ot, and (rxo^tca- In 

 astrology, a scheme or figure of the 

 twelve houses or signs of the zodiac, in 

 which is marked the disposition of the 



heavens at a given time. 2 The degree 



of the ascendant or star which rises above 

 the eastern horizon at any time when a 

 prediction is to be made. 



HORSE. 1. In zoology, theEquiiscaballus, 



Lin. 2. In navigation, a rope reaching 



from the middle of a yard to itsextremity, 

 on which the sailors stand when they are 

 loosing or reefing the sails; also a thick 

 rope fixed fore or aft a mast, for the pur- 

 pose of hoisting some yard. 



HORSE-POWER, the power or force which 

 a horse generally exerts. It is com- 

 pounded of his weight and muscular 

 strength, and decreases with his speed. 

 It is generally reckoned in mechanical 

 calculations, equal to 33,000 Ibs. raised 

 1 foot high per minute ; and if continued 

 throughout the day of 8 hours, amounts to 

 150 Ibs. conveyed a distance of 20 miles, at 

 a speed of 2$ miles per hour. 



HORSE' RUN. In earthwork, a contrivance 

 for drawing up loaded wheelbarrows from 

 the bottom of deep cuttings for railways, 

 docks, &c., by the assistance of a horse, 

 which walks to and fro instead of round 

 as in the horse-gin. 



HORSE'SHOB. In fortification, a work of 

 a round or oval form. 



HORTUS Sic'cus, dry garden. A collec- 

 tion of dried plants kept in paper or 

 books. 



HOSAN'NA. In the Jewish rituals, a term 

 signifying Save now. Hosanna became 

 latterly the name of a prayer, rehearsed 

 on the several days of the feast of taberna- 

 cles, and in which the word was often 

 repeated. 



HOSE. 1. A term synonymous with 



stockings. 2. The name of the leathern 



pipe used with fire-engines, for conveying 



the water. 3. The leathern pipe used 



in ships for conveying water from the 



main decks into the casks. 4. The 



hollow part of a spade, or other tool of a 

 similar kind, which receives the end of 

 the shaft or handle. 



HOS'PITAL GAN'ORENE, a peculiar form 

 of gangrene which sometimes prevails in 

 hospitals. 



HOSPITAH/ERS, an order of religious 

 knights, known now by the title of 

 Knights of Malta. They took the name 

 of Hospitallers from their building an 



hospital, at Jerusalem, for the reception 

 of pilgrims. 



HOSPI'TIUM, a Latin word for an inn: 

 used, in old law books, for an Inn of Court, 

 and sometimes for a monastery, or common 

 inn for the accommodation of travellers. 



HOS'PODAR, a title borne by the princes 

 of Walachia and Moldavia, who receive 

 their investitures from the Grand Seignior. 



HOST, from hostia, a victim. The name 

 given, in the Romish rituals, to the ele- 

 ments of the Eucharist, or rather to the 

 consecrated wafer. 



HOT'BED. A bed of earth with horse- 

 dung or other manure, and covered with 

 glass, for raising early plants, or such as 

 will not thrive in cold soil. 



HOTCH'POT. In law, a mixing of land 

 given in marriage with lands in fee falling 

 by descent. 



HOT'-FLUE, an apartment heated by 

 stoves or steam-pipes, in which padded 

 or printed'calicoes are dried hard. 



HOT'HOUSE. A building heated by flues, 

 for rearing exotic plants, which requite 

 a warm atmosphere and soil. 



HOT'WALL. A wall for the growth of 

 fruit-trees, built with flues for being 

 heated in severe weather. 



HOUND. In zoology, the Canisvenaticus, 

 Lin. The hound, the pointer, and the 

 terrier differ between themselves only in 

 size and the proportions of the limbs. The 

 greyhound is longer and more lank. 



HOUNDS. In nautical language, the pro- 

 jecting parts of the head of a ship. 



HOU'RI, a nymph of Mahommed's para- 

 dise. 



HOUSE.. Sax. hits. In astrology, the si- 

 tuation of a planet in the heavens, also 

 the twelfth part of the zodiac. 



HOUSE'BOTE. In law, a sufficient allow- 

 ance of wood to repair the houses of the 

 tenant and supply fuel. 



HOUSE'BREAKINO. The breaking into a 

 house by daylight with intent to commit 

 a felony : the same by night is burglary. 



HOUSE'LINE, or HOUS'INO. Among sea- 

 men, a small line formed of thin strands, 

 smaller than ropeyarn, used for seizings, 

 &c. 



HOUS'INO. In the manfge, a piece of 

 cloth fastened to the hinder part of a 

 saddle, and covering the horse's croup : 

 called also boot-housing. Also a cloth laid 

 over a saddle. 2. The same as house- 

 line (q.v.). 3. In architecture, the space 



taken out of one solid to admit of the in- 

 sertion of another. 



HOW'ITZER, Germ, haubitz?. A kind of 

 mortar or short gun, mounted on a field- 

 carriage, and used for throwing shells, &c. 

 It differs from a mortar in having the 

 trunnions in the middle. 



HOW'KER. A two-masted Dutch vessel- 

 tlso a fishing-boat, with one mast, used 

 on the coast of Ireland. 



