HUM . 3 



Hoy, a small vessel usually rigged as a 

 loop, and employed for conveying pas- 

 sengers and goods from place to place en 

 the sea-coast, or to or from a ship in a 

 road or bay. 



HU'BERT, ORDER or ST. The highest 

 Bavarian order of knighthood, instituted 

 in 1444. 



HUE AND CRY. In law, the common 

 process of pursuing a felon. 



HUER, or HOER, the Icelandic name of 

 certain fountains of boiling water in Ice- 

 land, otherwise called Geysers. 



HTJ'GI-ENOTS. A name formerly given 

 to the Protestants in France. The name 

 is supposed to be a corruption of the 

 German word Eidycnossen, which means 

 tuiorn-fellows. 



HUI'SSIERS. Civil officers in Trance, 

 whose attendance is necessary in every 

 judicial tribunal, from that of a justice of 

 the peace to the Court of Cassation. 



HUL'FSTON (Ger.j. In music, the se- 

 condary note of a shake. 



HULK, Dut. hulk; the body of a ship. 

 The word is applied only to the body of 

 an old ship, which is laid by as unfit for 

 use. The old vessels employed in raising 

 sand, ballast, &c., in the river Thames, 

 and wherein a certain class of convicts 

 are kept at hard labour, are by way of 

 eminence styled the hulks. 



HULL. 1. The outer covering of a nut, 

 grain, &c. 2. The body of a ship, ex- 

 clusive of her masts, yards, and rigging. 

 Hull down expresses that the hull of a 

 ship is concealed by the convexity of the 

 sea. 



HULOTHE'ISM, from ixj, matter, and 

 Qtos, God. The doctrine that matter is 

 God, or that there is no God but matter 

 and the universe. 



HUMAN'ITIES. In Scotch colleges, the 

 literee humaniores, or grammar, rhetoric, 

 and belles lettres, including the study of 

 the ancient classics, in distinction from 

 philosophy and science. The student in 

 humanities is called a humanist. 



HUM'BOLDITE, a rare mineral which oc- 

 curs in small and nearly colourless crys- 

 tals, irregularly aggregated, and which 

 seems to contain the same elements as 

 ciatolite. Named in honour of Humboldt. 



HU'MERUS, Lat. from u/^tf. In ana- 

 tomy, (1.) The arm from the shoulder to 

 the forearm. (2.) The shoulder. 



HCM'MOCK, an eminence of land resem- 

 bling a smooth rounded cone, as seen from 

 the deck of a vessel at sea. 



HU'MOR, Lat. from humus, the ground, 

 whence moisture arises. A general name 

 for any fluid of the body except the blood. 



HC'MORAL PATHOLOGY, that pathology 

 which attributes all diseases to disordered 

 Mates of the fluids or humours, without 

 taking solids into consideration. 



HUB 



HU'MOCRS (of thfi eye). The aqveout 

 humour is the transparent fluid occupying 

 the space between the crystalline lens 

 and cornea, both before and behind the 

 pupil. The crystalline humour or lent is a 

 small transparent solid body, occupying 

 a middle position in the eye between the 

 aqueous and vitreous humours. It is the 

 principal instrument in refracting the rays 

 of light, so as to form an image on the 

 retina. The vitreous humour is a fluid 

 contained in the minute cells of a trans- 

 parent membrane, occupying the greater 

 part of the cavity of the eye, and all the 

 space between the crystalline and retina. 



HU'MULIN, the narcotic principle of th 

 hop (humulus}. 



Hu'MULus.the/wp: a genus of perennial 

 climbing plants. Dieecia Peutnndria. 

 Named from humus, the ground. One 

 species (H. lupulus) cultivated in Britain. 

 See HOP. 



HUN'DRED, a division or part of a county 

 in England, supposed to have originally 

 contained 100 families, 100 able men for 

 the king's wars, or 100 manors ; but as the 

 word means literally a circuit, it is proba- 

 ble that Alfred's divisions had no refer- 

 ence to number. 



HUNGA'RIAN MACHINE, a hydraulic en- 

 gine on the principle of Hero's fountain, 

 so called from its having been first em- 

 ployed in draining a mine at Chemnitz, 

 in Hungary. The action is produced by 

 the condensation of a confined portion of 

 air, produced by the descent of a high 

 column of water contained in a pipe, and 

 therefore acts with a force proportionate 

 to the weight of such column. It is a 

 machine highly deserving of attention. 



HUN'GARY WATER, water distilled from 

 tops of rosemary flowers with some spirit 

 of wine. Thus named from its having 

 been first prepared for a queen of Hun- 

 gary. 



HUR'DLE. 1. A crate of osiers, twigs, 

 or sticks of various forms. 2. In forti- 

 fication, twigs interwoven close together, 

 sustained by long stakes, and usually 



covered with earth. 3. In husbandry, a 



frame of split timber or ha/el rods wattled 

 together, used for gates, sheep-folds, &c. 



HUR'DY-GURDY, a musical instrument, 

 the lyra mendicorum of Kircher, called also 

 the vielle (q. v.). 



HUHR'ICANE, Span, huracan. A violent 

 stores, generally accompanied by light- 

 ning, and distinguished by the violence 

 of the wind, and the sudden changes in 

 direction to which it is subject. 



HURST, Sax. a u-ood. The termination 

 of the names of some places in England. 



HURT'-ICKLE, the eentaurea cyanus, thus 

 named because it is troublesome to cut 

 down, and sometimes notches the sickle. 



HUS'BANDRY, the business of a farmer, 

 comprehending agriculture, the raising 



