HYP 



385 



HYP 



from) the glass, is called the dew-point, 

 and will be found several degrees below 



the temperature indicated by the thermo- 

 meter in the stem of the instrument. The 

 dew-point being found, the hygrometric 

 state of the atmosphere is known. 



HYGROMETRIC, applied to substances 

 which readily become moist and dry with 

 the changes in the atmosphere. 



HYLOZO'ISM , i;.tj, matter, and far,, life. In 

 philosophy, the doctrine that matter lives. 



HYMEN^'A, the locust-tree: a genus. 

 Decandria Monogynia. Name from Hy- 

 men. Southern parts of America and the 

 West Indies. The H. cotirbaril affords the 

 resin called gum anime. 



HYMENOPHYL'LAM, the marriage-leaf: a 

 genus of perennial ferns. Britain and 

 West Indies. 



HYMEXOP'TERA, from {,u.r,i, a membrane, 

 and vTtfff, a wing; membrane- winged, 

 in order of insects characterised by hav- 

 ins; four membranous and naked wings, of 

 which the superior are the largest. The 

 mouth is composed of mandibles, maxilla;, 

 and two lips : the abdomen of the females 

 is terminated by an ovipositor or sting : 

 the wasp and bee are examples. 



HTOS'CIAMINE, a new crystalline vege- 

 table principle obtained from henbane, 

 (Hyoscyamtts niger). It is alkaline, and 

 highly poisonous. It is the hyosciamia of 

 M. Brandes. 



HYOSCY'AMTS, the Henbane : a genus of 

 herbaceous plants. Pentandria Moiio- 

 gynia. Name from uf, a hog, and zuxuo;, 

 a bean. The H. niger or black henbane is 

 common in Britain : it is highly poisonous, 

 but also highly useful in medicine. 



HTP-E'THRAL, from fat, above, and 



tti&r.o, the air; open above. Applied to 

 certain ancient temples which had ten 

 columns on each facade, were surroumlea 

 by double porticoes, and had cell en- 

 tirely exposed to the air, having no roof. 



HYPAL'LAGE, vmtiJuvyn, change. A 



grammatical figure consisting of a mutual 



change of cases. Thus Virgil writes dare 



\ rlassibus austros, for dare classes austris. 



See HYPERBATON. 



HYPANTHO'DIUM, a form of inflorescence 

 when the receptacle is fleshy, but not in- 

 closed in an involucrum. 



HY'PER, viri*, over and above. A term 

 used in composition to denote some excess. 



HYPER'BATON , vfri%rov, transposition, 

 a grammatical figure which consists in 

 the inversion of the proper order of words 

 and sentences. The species are the anas- 

 trophe, the hypallage, the synchysis, the 

 tmesis, the parenthesis, and the true 

 hyperbaton, which consists in a long re- 

 tention of the verb which completes the 

 sentence. 



HYPER'BOLA, from vsrs^tooX^, an excess. 

 A section of a cone made by a plane, so 

 that the plane makes a greater angle with 

 the base of the cone than that formed by 

 the base and side of the cone, and if the 

 plane be produced so as to cut the oppo- 

 site cone, another hyperbola will be 

 formed, which is called the opposite hy- 

 perbola to the former. 



HYPER'BOLE, v^n^nXr,, excess. A rhe- 

 torical figure which expresses more than 

 the truth, or which represents things 

 much greater or smaller, better or worse, 

 than they really are. 



"Hewas so gaunt, the case of a flageolet wa'i 

 a mansion for him." ishakspeare. 



HYPERBOL'IC CYL.'iNpnoiD, a solid gene- 

 rated by the revolution of a hyperbola 

 about its conjugate axis. 



HVPER'BOLIC CO'NOID, a conoid formed 

 by the revolution of a hyperbola about 

 its axis. 



HYPER'BOLOiD,from%per6oZa, and <&?, 

 like. A hyperbolic conoid. 



HYPERBO'REAN, from &|, beyond, and 

 Septet;, the north; most northern. The 

 ancients applied this epithet to all people 

 and places to the north of the Scythians, 

 and which they considered to enjoy a 

 delightful climate, being beyond the do- 

 main of Boreas, or the north wind ! They 

 were, however, the Laplanders, the Sa- 

 moiedes, and the Russians about theWhite 

 Sea. 



HYPERCATALEC'TIC, from utri*, beyond, 

 and zctTcthrgif , termination. An epithet 

 for a vrse which has one or more sylla- 

 bles beyond the regular measure. "Whei! 

 it contains only one syllable in excess, it 

 is usually called a hypenneter. 



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