HYP 



HYPER'icrjj, theS<. John's-vort: a very 

 extensive genus of plants. Polyadelphia 

 1'ulyandria. Name from uTg, over, and 

 tiztuv, a spectre, because it was believed 

 to have the power of driving away evil 

 spirits. About 60 species, of which 11 are 

 indigenous in Britain. 



HYP'EROCHE, Gr. pre-eminence. In mu- 

 sic, an interval of nearly one comma and 

 a half. 



HYFEHSTHE'NE, \ from &rt, above, and 



HY'PERSTENE, J p-Siye;, strength. Pris- 

 matoidal or Labrador schiller-spar : a 

 mineral of a greenish black colour, but 

 nearly copper-red on the cleavage. It 

 consists of silica 54'25, magnesia 14, alu- 

 mina 2'25. lime 1'5, oxide of iron 24'5, 

 water 1. It is often cut for brooch-stones, 

 &c., and has then a beautiful copper-red 

 colour. 



HypERTHY'nrM, v*i{, and 8ve<x,,a. door. 

 In architecture, the lintel of a doorway. 



UYPERTRO'PHY, from v-r^, above, and 

 rgr.?-/;, nutrition. A morbid increase in 

 any organ, without change in the nature 

 Oi its substances. 



HJ'PHEN, vtptv, under one. A note of 

 conjunction between compound words, as 



HY'PO, iitr, under. A Greek prefix, op- 

 posed to hyper. 



HvpoB'oLE,from vvo, under, and j3c*A>.oi, 

 to throw. A rhetorical figure in which 

 several things are enumerated which 

 seem in favour of the opposite argument, 

 and each of them is refuted in order. 



HYPOCAC'STCM, v TO, and xeua,1 burn. 

 In ancient architecture, a vaulted chamber 

 containing apparatus for heating apart- 

 ments by means of earthen tubes. 



HYPOCHOX'DRIA, from ii-so, under, and 

 %ovS?, a cartilage. The spaces in the 

 abdomen immediately under the false ribs 

 on each side of the epigastrium ; in the one 

 is the liver, and in the other the spleen. 



HYPOCHON'DRIASIS, ) Vapours or low- 



HYPOCHONDRI'ACISM, j ness of spirits, 

 often accompanied by weariness cf life, 

 misanthropy, or spleen. The corporeal 

 symptoms are commonly flatulency in 

 the stomach and bowels, acrid eructations, 

 costiveness, copious discharge of pale 

 urine, spasmodic pains in the head, and 

 other parts of the body, giddiness, palpi- 

 tations, general sleeplessness, dimness of 

 sight, languor, &c. 



HYPOG^'OUS, v-ro, and <yr,, earth. In 

 botany, applied to all the parts of plants 

 beneath the surface of the ground. 



HYPOGAS'TRIUM, Lat. from irzo, under, 

 and ycKrrr l *, the stomach. The .lower 

 anterior region of the abdomen, from a 

 little below the umbilicus to the pubes : 

 cailt-J the hypogastric region. 



fi HYP 



HYPOG'ENE, from ivro, under, and ytv'jUMt 

 to produce; nether-formed. Applied to 

 rocks which have assumed their forms 

 and structure at a depth from the surface. 



HYPO'GYNOVS, {/<ro, and yv\Y n a female. 

 In botany, applied to anything growing 

 from below the base of the ovarium. 



HYI-ONI'TROUS ACID. An acid contain- 

 ing one volume of oxygen less than th- 

 nitrous acid. It is a greenish liquid, 

 formed by subjecting a mixture of 2 voU. 

 of nitrogen and 3 of oxygen to intense 

 cold. It combines with buses, and forms, 

 hyponitrites. 



HY'POPHOSPHORIC ACID, a liquid mix- 

 ture of 2 phosphoric acid with 1 phos- 

 phorous acid. l)ulong gave it the name 

 of phosphatic acid. 



HYPOPHOS'PHORUS ACID, an acid which 

 is probably a compound of 4 atoms phos- 

 phorus, and 3 atoms oxygen. It is ob- 

 tained in solution. 



HYPOSCE'NICM, uiro, and trxy.tn-,, a scene. 

 In ancient architecture, the front wall of a 

 theatre, facing the orchestra from the 

 stage. 



HYPOS'TASIS, Lat. for vxoffroiffi; (.from 

 u-ri), under, and ifrr,fu, to stand); pio- 

 perly subsistence or substance : hence 

 used by divines in the sense of perso.t or 

 being. Thus the Holy Trinity consists of 

 three hyposlases or persons. 



HYPoscLPHu'RicAciD,an acid procured 

 in solution by passing sulphurous acid gas 

 through black oxide of manganese sus 

 pended in water. It consists of 2 vols. of 

 sulphur, and 5 vols. oxygen. 



HYPOSUI/PHUROUS ACID, an acid which 

 has not yet been insulated. It is regaiaed 

 as a compound of equal volumes of sul- 

 phur and oxygen. 



HYPOTHE'CA, vircthizvi, a pledge. A term 

 in civil law for the obligation whereby 

 the effects of a debtor are made over to 

 his creditor, to secure the debt. 



HYPOTHECA'TION, from hypotheca. The 

 pledging of a ship or goods for the repay- 

 ment of money borrowed to carry on a 

 voyage : otherwise called bottomry. 



HYPO'THESCSE, l-xo and -nivtu, I stretch. 

 In geometry, the longest side of a right- 

 angled triangle, or the side opposite the 

 right angle. 



HYPOTRACHE'LICM, iJjrs'and Ta;;*? 

 neck. In architecture, that part of the 

 shaft immediately below the neck of the 

 capital of a column. 



HYPOTYPO'SIS, u-ro and rvro; , type. In 

 rhetoric, an animated description of a 

 scene or event, in language enriched with 

 rhetorical figures. 



HYPSIPRYM'NCS, the kangaroo-rat or 

 potoroo of New Holland. A genus of Mar- 

 supialia, named from v^nxfuu.tc; raised 

 behind, in allusion to the great length or 



