LAN 



418 



LAR 



tinguished from constant springs, which 

 flow throughout the year. 



LAND STKWAHD, one who superintends 

 a landed estate. 



LAND' WAITER, an officer of the Custom- 

 house, whose duty is, upon the landing 

 of any merchandise, to examine the 

 same, and take due account thereof. 



LAS'DWEHR, Ger. land-guard, the mili- 

 tia of Prussia and Austria. 



LAN OREL, LAN'GRAGE, a particular 

 kind of shot, used at sea for tearing sails 

 and destroying rigging. It is formed of 

 bolts, nails, and other pieces of iron tied 

 together, and is seldom used except by 

 privateers and merchantmen. 



LAN'GUED. In heraldry, an epithet for 

 an animal whose tongue projects from its 

 mouth, and is represented in coat armour 

 of a different tincture from the rest of the 

 body. 



LA.NGCE'NTE (It.) In music, signifies to 

 be performed softly or languishingly. 



LANGCETTE', a French name for the 

 tongue of a jack in a harpsichord or 

 spinet. The valve which opens or shuts 

 the windchest in an organ, to let the air 

 into the pipes when a key is pressed 

 down. 



LAN'IARD, a short piece of rope or line 

 fastened to several things in a ship, to 

 secure them in their places or to manage 

 them more conveniently, as the laniards 

 of the gun-ports, of the buoy, of the cat- 

 hook, &c. The name is, however, given 

 more especially to those used to extend 

 the shrouds and stays of the masts by 

 their communication with the dead- 

 eyes, &c. 



LA'NICS, the shrike or butcher-bird 

 (q. v.}. A genus of passerine birds be- 

 longing to the family Dentirostres, Cuv. 

 Name from lanio, to tear in pieces. The 

 genus is variously subdivided. 



LAJJ'SQUENETS. The German infantry 

 raised by Maximilian to oppose the Swiss, 

 in the 15th century. 



LANTERN, JPr. lanterne. A well-known 

 machine, of which there are many used 

 aboard ships, as poop-lanterns, top-lan- 

 terns, signal-lanterns, store-room lan- 

 terns, powder-room lanterns, &c. 1. In 



architecture, a little dome or turret raised 

 on the roof of a building to give light and 

 serve as a crowning. The term is also 

 used for a square cage of carpentry placed 

 over the ridge of a corridor or gallery, 

 between two rows of shops, to illumine 

 them, as in the Royal Exchange, London. 



2. A dark lantern is one with only a 



single opening, which may also be shut 

 up when the light is wished to be en 

 tirely hidden. 



LAN'TERN-FL?, an insect common in 

 South America. It is a species of Ful- 

 gora, and emits a strong phosphorescent 

 light from the head or lantern. 



LANU'GINOSE, j Lat. /anw^oiosus, having 



LAN U'GINOCS, / soft wool or down, la- 

 nugo : applied in natural history. 



LA.M'GO (Latin), down or soft wool, as 

 that which grows on some leaves, fruits, 

 &c. 



LAX'YARD. In a ship, certain lashing* 

 whether fixed or temporary. 



LAPI'DART, from lapis, a stone. One who 

 polishes and engraves gems. The lapidary 

 style signifies the style proper for monu- 

 mental and other inscriptions. 



LAPIDIFICA'TION, from lapis, stone and 

 fio, to become. The conversion into stone 

 of some other substance. 



LAP'SANA, the ripple-wort. A genus of 

 herbaceous plants Sijngencsia Poly, 

 eequalis. Temperate climates. There are 

 two British species, called also dock- 

 cresses. 



LAPSE. In ecclesiastical law, the omission 

 of a patron to present to a benefice 

 within six months. 



LAP-SIDED, the state of a ship when 

 built in such a manner as to have one of 

 the sides heavier than the other ; and by 

 consequence to retain a constant heel or 

 inclination to the heavier side. 



LVP'WING. In ornithology, the lapwings 

 form the genus J'anellus, Bechstein, and 

 the genus Tringa, Linnaeus. The common 

 lapwing is the Tringa ranellus, Lin. The 

 lapwing plovers constitute the genus 

 Squatarola, Cuv. These birds are com- 

 mon in Europe. 



LAR'ARIUM. In ancient architecture, the 

 apartment in which the household gods 

 were deposited. 



LAR'BOARD (of a ship). The left-hand 

 side when the face is turned to the stem 

 or head: opposite the starboard (q. v.). 

 Larboard tack is when the ship is close- 

 hauled with the wind blowing on her 

 larboard-side. Larboard-watch is the di- 

 vision of a ship's company on duty when 

 the other is relieved from it. 



LAR'BOWLINES, a cant term used by the 

 boatswain's mates, implying the lar- 

 board-watch. 



LAR'CENY, Norm, larcim ; Celtic lladron, 

 thieves. Petty theft. The stealing of any- 

 thing below the value of 12rf. is petty lar- 

 ceny, above that value, grand larceny. 



LARCH. In botany, a name corrupted 

 from larix. The common larch is the 

 pimts larix of Europe ; the black larch is 

 the pinus pendula of North America ; the 

 red larch is the pinus microcarpa of Horth 

 America. 



LA'RES, the household gods of the Ro- 

 mans. 



LARGE. 1. In nautical languagt, a term 

 applied to a wind when it crosses the 

 line of a ship's course in a favourable di- 

 rection, particularly on the beam or quar- 

 ter. 2. In music, the greatest measure 



equal to two longs. 





