PAN 



534 



PAN 



tn- west coast of Africa and in Brazil. It 

 is sometimes imitated with hog's lard 

 coloured with turmeric, and scented with 

 Florentine iris root. Palm-oil consists of 

 69 oleine and 31 stearine, melts at 84 F., 

 and becomes rancid by exposure to the 

 air. It has hitherto been employed in the 

 manufacture of brown soap ; but, as it can 

 now be economically bleached by the 

 action of chromic acid, it may be em- 

 ployed in the manufacture of white soap, 

 candles, &c. 



PALM' SUNDAY. The sixth Sunday in 

 Lent, the next before Easter, commemor- 

 ative of the Saviour's triumphant en- 

 trance into Jerusalem, when palm branch- 

 es were strewed in the way. 



PALM'-WINE. A juice obtained in the 

 East Indies (where it is named Toddy), 

 by the incision of a species of the palm. 



PALM'- WORM. An American insect about 

 12 inches long, covered with hair, and 

 extremely swift in its motions. It is a 

 species of centipede, and wounds severely, 

 but not fatally. 



PALMT'RA. A genus of Annulate, estab- 

 lished in the order Dorsibranchiata, by 

 Savigny, to receive a beautiful animal of 

 one to two inches in length, found in the 

 Isle of France. It is recognised by its 

 superior fasciculi, the setae of which are 

 large, flattened, flabelliform, and glisten- 

 ing like highly polished gold. 



PAL'FI. Feelers. These are articulated 

 appendages, attached to the jaws of in- 

 sects : they are the auxiliary organs of a 

 masticating mouth. Those upon the max- 

 illa? are termed maxillary feelers (palpi 

 yiajrillares] ; those placed laterally upon 

 the labium are the labial feelers (palpi 

 lahiales). 



PALPICOR'NES. Pnlpi- horned insects. The 

 fifth family of pentamerous Coleoptera in 

 Cuvier's arrangement. The antennae 

 terminate in a club, usually perfoliaceous, 

 and consist of nine joints in all. They 

 are much longer than the maxillary palpi. 



PA'LT, ) A term in heraldry, when 



PALE'WAIS. ) the shield is divided into 

 four or more equal parts, by perpendicular 

 lines from top to bottom. 



PAM'PAS. A name for the vast plains of 

 South America and Africa. See PRAIRIE. 



PAM'PEROS. Violent winds which come 

 from the west or southwest, and sweep 

 over the pampas in the southern parts of 

 Buenos Ayres. 



PAM'PRE (Fr.). An ornament in sculp- 

 ture, consisting of vine leaves and branches 

 of grapes. 



PA'SAX. A genus of plants. Polygamia 

 Dicecia. Isame borrowed from the Greek 

 botanists, whose -rava| or za.ta.x-f^ was 

 so denominated, from trotn, all, and a*oj, 

 medicine, because of its universal virtues. 

 TU* name being uuoecupk-d , Linne adopt- 



ed it for the Chinese Ginsene (P. qningm- 

 /o/in), equally celebrated with the ancient 

 panax for its medicinal virtues. Besides 

 the Ginseng plant, there are seven other 

 species of panax, all natives of warm 

 climates. 



PANCAR'TES. In diplomatics, royal char- 

 ters, in which the enjoyment of his pos- 

 sessions is confirmed to a subject. 



PANCRA'TIUM. 1. An athletic exercise 

 among the Greeks: from :ry, all, and 



x^anta, to conquer. 2. An extensive 



genus of perennial plants. Hexandria 

 Monoyynia. "Warm climates. 



PAN'CREAS, from jrav, all, and *ias, 

 flesh. A flat glandular viscus of the 

 abdomen, compared to the form of a dog's 

 tongue, and situated in the epigastric 

 region under the stomach : named from 

 its fleshy consistence. The use of the 

 pancreas is to secrete the pancreatic 

 juice, a fluid in its nature similar to 

 saliva, to be mixed with the chyle in the 

 duodenum. 



PAX'DA. The Ailurus refulgens, Fred. 

 Cuv. An animal about the size of a cat, 

 having a fine close fur, above of the most 

 brilliant cinnamon red, behind more fawn 

 coloured, beneath of a deep black, found 

 in the north of India. 



PAN'DECTS. A digest of civil or Roman 

 law, made by order of Justinian. The 

 compilation consists of 50 books containing 

 534 decisions, to which the emperor gave 

 the force and authority of law. 



p^.^ 17 ' } A learned Brahmin. 



PANDO'RA. The first woman, according 

 to the poets, made by Vulcan at the com- 

 mand of Jupiter, and named XO.V7U1 <, 

 because every god adorned her with some 

 gift. Sht presented her husband, Epime- 

 theus, with a box, the gift of Jupiter, and 

 on his opening it, there flew out all sorts 

 of evils over the earth, and filled it with 

 diseases and all sorts of calamities. 



PAN'DORE, \ xKvriaueix, Pandura. A 



PANDO'RON, ) musical instrument of the 

 lute kind : a bandore, 



PANDO'HUS. Alight infantry raised from 

 the Turkish frontiers, in the Austrian 

 army. 



PAN'EL. 1. A schedule or roll of such 

 jurors as the sheriff returns to pass upon 

 any trial. Impanelling a jury is returning 

 their names in such schedule of parch- 

 ment In Scottish late, the prisoner at the 



bar is the panel. 2. In joiner;/, a thin 



board, having its edges inserted in the 

 groove of a surrounding frame, as the 

 els of a door. Masons also give the 

 name panel to a face of a hewn stone. 



P\N'EMORE. In mechanics, a globular 



indmill, proposed to be erected in the 



iddle oT a ship, for turning wheels aid 



tddles. 



