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PAN 





VA.N'IC. 1. A sudden fright without real 

 cause: from Pan, a captain, who with a 

 few men routed a numerous army by the 

 noise which his soldiers raised in a rocky 

 valley, which reflected numerous echoes. 



-2. A grain like millet : the seed of the 



panic-grass. 



PAX'ICLE, Lat. panicula, a cluster. A 

 species of compound inflorescence, in 

 which the flowers are scattered on pedun- 

 cles, without order, appearing like a 

 branched spike. This species of inflores- 

 cence occurs most commonly in grasses. 



PAN'ICUM. Panic-grass. A genus of 

 grasses. Triandria Digynia. Named 

 A pnniculis, the spike consisting of nume- 

 rous thick seeds disposed in many pani- 

 cles. Millet- seed is the produce of the 

 P. mtiiaceum, a hardy annual, a native of 

 India, but now cultivated pretty exten- 

 sively in the South of Europe. The P. 

 Italicttm, or Italian millet/ls believed to 

 have been the panicum of the ancients. 



PAN'NAGE. The feeding of swine upon 

 mast in woods ; also the money taken by 

 agistors for the mast of the crown-forests. 



PAN'NEL, Fr. panneau. In architecture, 

 an area sunk from the general surface of 

 the work. 



PANOPHO'BIA, from y<x,v, all, and ipoGos, 

 fear. That kind of melancholy which is 

 chiefly characterised by groundless fears. 



PANORA'MA, from :ra,all, and oaiia, 

 view ; entire view. A picture drawn upon 

 the interior of a large cylinder, repre- 

 senting the objects which can be seen 

 from one station, when the observer 

 directs his eye successively to every part 

 of the horizon. Invented by Mr. Robert 

 Barker in 1787. 



PANOR'PA. The Scorpion-fly: a genus of 

 Neuropterous insects, family Planipennes. 

 See PANORPAT^. 



PANOR'PATM:. The name given by La- 

 treille to that tribe of insects which com- 

 pose the genus Panorpa, Lin. and Fab. 

 They have five joints to all the tarsi, and 

 the anterior of their head prolonged and 

 narrowed in the form of a rostrum or pro- 

 boscis. Palpi, four to six, and filiform. 



PANSTER'EORA'MA, -TU.V, <7T6ss, solid, 

 and <ja, I see. A model of a town or 

 country in cork, wood, or any other ma- 

 terial. 



PAN'TAORAPH, from ora, every, and 

 yootQot, I write. Improperly written pan- 

 tograph , which see. 



PANTECH'NICON, and ), art. A 

 place where every kind of workmanship 

 is exposed for sale. 



PANTHE'A. In antiquity, single statues, 

 composed of figures of several different di- 

 vinities combined: ti, all, and Qtos, god. 



PAS'THEISM, from Ta, all, and Ois, 

 god. The system of theology in which 



the doctrine is maintained that the uni- 

 verse is God. 



PAXTHE'ON, >rx8iiov. A temple dedi- 

 cated to all the gods <rrv, all, and 6(09, 

 god). One of the most magnificent tem- 

 ples of ancient Borne, and the only one 

 which has been preserved entire. It is 

 now converted into a Christian church, 

 and is dedicated to the Virgin Mary and 

 all the martyrs. It is of the Corinthian 

 order; is round; has a spherical dome, 

 and its diameter within, and its height 

 from the pavement to the grand aper- 

 ture at the top, are each 144 feet. There 

 was also a pantheon at Athens ; first 

 changed into a Christian church, and 

 afterwards into a Turkish mosque. 



PAN'THER. The pardalis of the ancients, 

 and Felts pardus, Lin. A ferocious ani- 

 mal, found throughout Africa, Southern 

 Asia, and the Indian Archipelago. It is 

 the size of a large dog ; is very similar to 

 the leopard, but has only six or seven 

 rows of black spots. 



[4,iTOv, measure. An instrument which 

 combines the functions of compass, sun- 

 dial, and universal time-dial. 

 PANTOGRAPH, from sravro, all, and 

 , to describe. An instrument con- 



trived for the purpose of copying draw- 

 ings, either on a larger or smaller scale. 



PAJJTOL'OGIA, -rav and Xayos- A work 

 of universal information ; a dictionary or 

 encyclopaedia. 



PANTOM'ETER, from -Tctv-rct, all, and 

 [AiroM, a measure. An instrument for 

 measuring all sorts of elevations, angles, 

 and distances. 



PAN'TOMIME, frctt,rou,ifM>s. A general 

 mimic ; from TK, all, and U.IIAO-;, a mimic. 

 The ancient pantomimes were persons 

 who could imitate all sorts of actions and 

 characters, and were first introduced upon 



