PAR 



542 



PAR 



PARIS. Herb-paris, called also True 

 love and One-berry. A genus of peren- 

 nial plants. Octandria Tetragynia. 

 Named after Paris, the youth who ad- 

 j udged the golden apple to Venus. 



PARIS BASIN. In geology, a large area, 

 about 180 miles in length, from north- 

 east to south-west, and about 90 miles 

 wide, from east to west, in which Paris, 

 the capital of France, is situated. It is 

 remarkable from the succession of differ- 

 ent soils of which it is formed, and from 

 the vast quantity and variety of organic 

 remains which it contains. The whole 

 lies in a vast depression of the chalk. 



PAR'ISH, Low Lat. parochia, from 

 'rot%6i%ia, a dwelling. The territorial 

 jurisdiction of a secular priest, of which 

 there are 9913 in England. 



PARK, Sax. parruc. A large piece of 

 ground, inclosed by licence under the 

 broad seal, for beasts of the chase. There 

 are also parks in reputation, though not 

 erected with lawful warrant. An artil- 

 lery park is a place, in the rear of both 

 lines of an army, for encamping the artil- 

 'ery. A park of artillery implies the whole 

 vrain of artillery belonging to a division of 

 troops. Provision-park, the place where 

 the sutlers pitch their tents and sell pro- 

 visions, and that where the bread wag- 

 gons are stationed. Park is also the name 

 of a sort of large net, used by fishermen : 

 it is fixed at the brink of the sea, and is 

 left dry by the ebb of the tide. 



PARLIAMENT, French parlement, from 

 parler, to speak. A word which was in- 

 troduced into England under the Norman 

 kings, to designate the supreme council of 

 the nation, called under the Saxon kings 

 wittenagemote, the meeting of sages or 

 wise men. Parliament consists of the three 

 estates the lords spiritual, lords tem- 

 poral, and the commons. Perhaps the 

 sovereign ought to be considered a consti- 

 tutional branch of parliament, though in 

 common language that functionary is 

 kept apart. 



PAR'LIAMENT HEEL. In nautical lan- 

 guage, the causing a ship to incline so to 

 one side as to allow the upper part of the 

 bottom on the other side to be cleaned. 



PAR'LOUR, Fr. parloir, from parler, to 

 speak. Primarily an apartment in monas- 

 teries for conversation : hence a room in 

 a house which the family usually occupy, 

 when they have no company, as distin- 

 guished from a drawing-room, intended 

 for the reception of company. 



PARME'NIANISTS. In ecclesiastical history, 

 vhe sect of the Donatists, named after 

 their leader Parmenianus. 



P VRXAS'SCS. In mythology, a celebrated 

 mountain in ancient Greece. 



PAR'ODT, **{*&*. A kind of writing. 

 in which the words of an author are, by 



some slight alterations, adapted to a dif- 

 ferent purpose, by way of burlesque. 



FA'ROLE, Fr. from parler, to speak. A 

 term signifying anything done verbally, 

 or by " word of mouth," in contradistinc- 

 tion to what is written ; as parole evi- 

 dence, parole pleadings, &c. 2. In mi- 

 litary affairs, a promise given by a pri- 

 soner of war, when suffered to be at 

 large, that he will not attempt to escape, 

 that he will return at a certain time, &c. 

 Also the watch- word given out every day 

 in orders by a commanding-officer in camp 

 or garrison, that sentinels may be able 

 thereby to distinguish friends from ene- 

 mies. 



PARON'YMOUS, oiouct, name. In gram- 

 mar, words of similar derivation. 



PAR'OTID. Appertaining to the parotis ; 

 as the parotid gland, which is a large con- 

 glomerate and salival gland, situated un- 

 der the ear, between the mammillary pro- 

 cess of the temple-bone, and the angle of 

 the lower jaw. 



PVRO'TIS. The parotid gland. From 

 T0, near, and cut, the ear. 



PAR'QCETRY. See MARQCETRT. 



PARR. The young of the salmon. 



PAR'REL. An apparatus contrived to 

 fasten the sail-yards of a ship to the mast, 

 in such a manner that they may be easily 

 hoisted and lowered thereon. Some par- 

 rels are made simply of ropes ; some others 

 have ribs and trucks. 



PARRO'QCET. The French name for a 

 parrot, but now applied with us as a ge- 

 neral name for the smaller species of par- 

 rots. -SeePsiTTACus. 



PAR'SEE, Pers. Parsi. The Persian re- 

 fugees (tire worshippers) who now inhabit 

 various parts of India. 



PARS'ING. In grammar, the resolving 

 of a sentence into its elements, by show"- 

 ing the several parts (pars) of speech of 

 which it is composed, and their relation to 

 each other, according to the grammatical 

 rules of government and agreement. 



PARS'LEY. A well-known garden herb, 

 the Apium petroselinum, a native of Sar- 

 dinia. The black mountain parsley is a 

 species of the genus Athamanta ; the Ma- 

 cedonian parsley, of the genus Bubon. 

 Stone parsley is a popular name for the 

 Amomum verum. 



PARS'NIP, ) A name common to all the 



PARS'NEP. ) plants of the genus Pasti- 

 naca, but especially applied to the P. sa- 

 tiva, an indigenous biennial, cultivated 

 for the sake of its esculent root 



PART. In music, a name of each of the 

 melodies of any harmonic composition, 

 and which, when performed in union, 

 form its harmony. There must be at least 

 four parts in every such composition. 



PARTEK'RB. A French term, employed 

 in gardening to denote a level division of 

 ground furnished with evergreens and 



