PAR 



643 



PAS 



flowers, and sometimes cut into shell and 

 scroll work, with alleys, walks, &c. 



PAR'THENOX. A famous temple to Mi- 

 nerva, at Athens. It was of the Doric 

 order, built of marble, and the roof was 

 also covered with marble, sculptured so 

 as to represent large tiles. It had resisted 

 all the ravages of time, and had been al- 

 ternately a Christian church and a Turkish 

 mosque , down to 1 687 , when the Venetians 

 besieging the citadel of Athens, a bomb 

 fell upon the Parthenon, and set fire to a 

 quantity of powder which was then kept 

 in it by the Turks : the explosion reduced 

 this splendid building almost to ruins. 



PARTICIPANTS. An order of knight- 

 hood, founded, 1586, in honour of Our 

 Lady of Loretto. 



PAR'TICIPLE, Lat. participium, from 

 pars, part, and capio, to take. In gram- 

 mar, a word partaking of the properties 

 of a noun and of a verb, as having, which 

 becomes a noun by prefixing the. Parti- 

 ciples sometimes lose the properties of a 

 verb and become adjectives, as a willing 

 heart. 



PAH'TICLE, Lat. particula, from pars, 

 part. 1. In grammar, a word not varied by 

 inflexion, as a preposition. 2. In physics, a 

 minute part of a body. The word is some- 

 times used in the same sense as atom, and 

 in this sense particles are the elements or 

 constituents of bodies- 



PARTIC'ULARISTS. In theology, those 

 who held the doctrine of partial election. 

 PARTI'DAS, LAS SIETE (Span.). An an- 

 cient Spanish code of laws. 



PART ING. In metallurgy, any process 

 by which gold and silver are separated 

 in refining or assaying. 



PART'ITE, Lat. partitus. Cut or di- 

 vided. A partite leaf is one separated 

 almost to the base. "When a leaf has two 

 such incisions, it is said to be bipartite, 

 when three tripartite, &c. 



PARTI'TIOS. In architecture, the vertical 

 assemblage of materials which divides 

 one apartment from another. In music, 

 the arrangement of the parts of a compo- 

 sition under one another, commonly 

 called a score. 



PARTNERS. In naval affairs, pieces of 

 planks nailed round the several scuttles 

 or holes in a ship's deck, wherein are 



contained the masts and capstan. 2. A 



name sometimes given to the scuttles 

 themselves. 



PARTNERSHIP. An association of two, 

 three, or more individuals, to carry on 

 some branch of business in common. The 

 term is usually applied to those smaller 

 associations in which the partners per 

 sonally conduct their joint affairs: the 

 term company being applied to those 

 greater associations, conducted by direc- 

 tors and servants, appointed by the body 

 ol the partners to act for them. 



PART'RIDGE. A well known bird, the 

 Tetrao perdix, Lin., esteemed a great de 

 icacy at the table. In America the name 

 partridge is applied to various species of 

 the genus Tetrao, and in different paru 

 to different birds. See PERDIX. 



PAR'TRIDGE WOOD. A fancy wood from 

 Martinique. 



PARTY. Inpnlitics, a body of men united 

 under a leader, for carrying out some 

 common principle. In heraldry, used to 

 signify the division of a shield by lines. 



PARTY WALLS. Partitions of brick be 

 tween buildings, in several occupations. 



PA'RUS. The Titmouse : a genus of very 

 active little passerine birds, placed in the 

 family Conirostres by Cuvier The titmouse 

 seems to be omnivorous : it builds in the 

 holes of old trees . and lays more eggs than 

 y of the passerinse. It takes its name 

 both English and Latin (A parva mus} , from 

 ts continually flitting and climbing from 

 branch to branch, suspending itself in all 

 sorts of positions, and indeed from its ap- 

 pearance and general habits. Fourteen 

 species are enumerated. 



PASH'A. A viceroy or military governor 

 of a Turkish province : written also pacha 

 and bashaw. The Persian and correct 

 word is pasha. 



PASIG'HAPHY, from *<;, all, and >?!, 

 writing. A system of universal writing, 

 which may be understood by all nations : 

 a thing still to be discovered. 



PAS'QUIN. A mutilated statue at Rome, 

 in a corner of the palace of Ursini , so 

 called a/ter a cobbler of that city, famous 

 for his sneers and gibes, and who diverted 

 himself with passing jokes on all the 

 people who went through the street in 

 which he lived. After the death of this 

 man, some workmen, who were digging 

 up the pavement before his shop, found a 

 statue of an ancient gladiator, well exe- 

 cuted, but maimed : this they set up in 

 the place where it was found, and by 

 common consent named it Pasquin. Since 

 that time all satirical papers in that city 

 are attributed to this figure, and either 

 put into its mouth or are pasted on its 

 body. Hence pasquinade, something in 

 the style of Pasquin : a lampoon. 



PASS, Wei. pas. 1. A narrow passage 

 into an open tract of country, or into a 



country. 2. In mining, a frame of 



boards, set sloping for the ore to slide 



down. 3. In fencing (see PASSADE). 



PASSA'DE, \ 1. A push or thrust in fen- 



PASSA'DO. ) cing. Of these there are 



several sorts, as passades within, above, 



beneath, to the right, left, &c. 2. In 



the mantge, a turn or course of a horse 

 backwards or forwards on the same 

 ground. 



PAS'SAGE. 1. In music, every memberof 

 a strain or movement is a passage: Ita). 

 passo. 2. In narigution, the course pursued 



