*> AT 



545 



PAT 



oriental ruby; glass of antimony and 

 oxide of cobalt for emerald ; horn silver 

 and black oxide of iron, with some earthy 

 substance for common opal ; oxides of 

 manganese and cobalt for amethyst; 

 oxides of antimony, gold and manganese 

 for ancient carbuncle, &c. 



PASTE'BOARD. A sort of thick paper, 

 formed of several sheets of paper pasted 

 together, much used in binding books, 

 making pill-boxes, &c. 



PAS'TEL. A colouring matter obtained 

 from the leaves of the Isatis tinctoria It 

 has a yellow or greenish-yellow colour, 

 and gives a green stain to paper, which 

 improves by keeping. In dye-works the 

 pastel vat is prepared with 4 of indigo, 

 50 of pastel, 2 of madder, and 2 of potash, 

 to which 1J of lime is gradually added 

 to retain the brown matter of the indigo. 

 The name is Spanish. 



PAS'TERN. In farriery, the distance be- 

 tween the fetlock, or joint next the foot, 

 and the coronet of the hoof of a horse. 

 The pastern-joint is that immediafely 

 above the pastern. 



PASTIC'CIO. An Italian word meaning 

 a pie, used in music to denote an opera 

 composed of detached airs, by different 

 composers, occasionally introduced. 



PAS'TIL, Fr. pastille. 1. A roll of paste or 

 sort of paste, made by grinding together 

 different colours with gum-water, in 



order to make crayons. 2. A small 



cone made of gum benzoin, with powder 

 of cinnamon and other aromatics, to dif- 

 fuse a grateful odour when burned in an 

 apartment. 3. Aromatic sugared con- 

 fection, called tablette. 



PASTINV'CA. The parsnip. A genus of 

 plants. Pentandria Digynia. So named 

 because the root resembles the pastinum, 

 a forked instrument used by the Romans 

 for planting seeds. The P. saliva, or gar- 

 den parsnip, is the British type of the 

 genus. 



PASTOPH'ORI. Priests of an inferior 

 order among the Egyptians, who carried 

 the statues of the gods in solemn proces- 

 sions : whence the name ira<rres, a couch, 

 and fteu, to bear. They are often found 

 sculptured or painted on Egyptian mo- 

 numents. 



PASTO RESIN. A resinous substance 

 employed by the Indians at Pasto, in the 

 northernmost parts of Peru, for covering 

 wood, to render it impermeable to water. 

 Its solvent is potash, which forms with it 

 a kind of soap, soluble in water, and from 

 which it is precipitated by acetic acid in 

 a state fit to be applied to the wood. The 

 plant which yields it is not known. 



PAT'ACA, \ A Spanish coin worth ts.Sd. 



PATACO'ON. ) sterling. 



FATACHE (French). A tender or small 

 *oiiel employed in conveying men, pro- 



visions, and orders from one ship to 

 another. 



PAT'ANS A name in the East Indies, 

 applied to all the Affsjhan tribes. 



PATAVIN'ITI. A term among classical 

 scholars to denote the peculiar style or 

 diction of Livy , the Roman historian , from 

 Patavium or Padua, the place of his na- 

 tivity. Authors are not, however, agreec". 

 as to what this patarinity consists in. 



PATE'. In fortification, a sort of plat- 

 form resembling what is styled a horse- 

 shoe, and usually erected in marshy 

 grounds to cover a gate of a town. 



PA'T E', ) In heraldry, a cross, small in 



PA'TTE'B. ) the centre, and widening to 

 the extremities, which are broad. 



PATEL'LA, Lat. patella, a little deep 

 dish : dim. of patina, a dish. 1. In ana- 

 tomy, a small flat bone of the leg, com- 

 monly known as the knee-pan. 2. In. 



conchology, the limpet-shell : a subconic 

 univalve shell, shaped like a basin, with- 

 out a spire, and inhabited by a Umax. 

 Order Cyclobranchiata, Cuv. 



PATELLIM'ANI. A tribe of pentamer- 

 ous coleoptera, comprehending the ge- 

 nera Dolichus, Agonum, Chlfgnius,IHcteliis, 

 &c. &c. They frequent the shores of 

 rivers and other aquatic localities. The 

 patellimani are thus named from the 

 form of the two anterior tarsi : patella, a 

 little dish, and manus, a hand. 



PA'TEN, Lat. patina. In ecclesiastic 

 usage, the saucer on which the chalice 

 rests. 



PA'TENT, \ Lat. patens, opening : ex- 



PAT'ENT. ) panding. 1. Applied to leaves 

 which form a moderately acute angle 

 with the stem or branch on which they 



grow. 2. A privilege from the crown, 



granted by letters-patent (q. v.), convey- 

 ing to the individual or individuals, 

 therein specified, the sole right to make, 

 use, or dispose of, some new invention 

 or discovery, for a certain specified time. 

 One to whom such privilege is conveyed 

 by patent is called a patentee. A patent 

 costs for the three kingdoms about 400J., 

 for stamps, fees, &c. 



PA'TEXT- YELLOW. A pigment obtained 

 by fusing a mixture of oxide and chloride 

 of lead. 



PAT'EHA. A vessel used in the Roman 

 sacrifices, sometimes introduced as an 

 ornament in the Doric frieze. 



PA'TERNOS'TER, Lat. pater noster, our 

 father. 1. The Lord's Prayer, thus named 

 from the two first words of it in Latin. 

 The term is now often used for a rosary 

 or string of beads used by Roman Catho- 

 lics in their devotions, and also for every 

 tenth bead of the same, which is large 

 and requires the repetition of the prayer, 

 whereas the other beads only require Att 



Xariat. 2. In architecture, rows tf 



beads carved on mouldings. . 1* 



2 N 



