PAT 



PAY 



Itr.ildry, a paternoster cross is one re- 

 presented on the escutcheon as if formed 

 of beads. 



PATHET'IC. Relating to the passions. 

 The pathetic muscle is the superior oblique 

 muscle of the eye, which is instrumental 

 in expressing certain passions. The 

 fourth pair of nerves are distributed to 

 it, and are hence termed pathetic nerves. 



PATHOONOMON'IC, from tr8o;, disease, 

 and yncaffx,t>i. to know. An epithet for 

 such symptoms as are peculiar to a dis- 

 ease, or for such as are properly charac- 

 teristic. 



PATHOG'NOMY, from xot9o<;, passion, and 

 yvo-AMj, signification. Expression of the 

 human passions by proper signs ; the 

 modes of action indicative of passion. 



PATiiOL'oor, from xados, disease, and 

 /yi?, discourse. The doctrine of dis- 

 eases ; that branch of medicine which 

 treat* of the nature of diseases. 



PA'TINA. 1. A name common to various 

 sorts of ancient Roman domestic vessels. 

 2. In numismatict, the genuine rust 

 of antique medals. 



PA'TOIS, Lat. pater, father. The dialect 

 peculiar to lower classes. 



PA'TRES CONSCRI'PTI. Conscript Fathers. 

 A name for the Roman senators in gene- 

 ral, but originally applied only to the 

 2(X) created subsequent to the appoint- 

 ment of the 100 patres by Romulus, be- 

 cause they were written down or put upon 

 the list along with these. 



PA'TRIARCH, from xa-rt{, a father, and 

 *{%,<>{ , chief. 1. The father and ruler of a 

 family. The title is usually applied to the 



frogenitors of the Israelites, Abraham, 

 saac and Jacob, and to the heads of 



families before the flood. 2. In the 



Christian church, a dignitary superior to 

 the order of archbishops, as the patriarch 

 of Constantinople. Alexandria, &c., which 

 are styled patriarchates. 



PATRIARCH'AL Cross. In heraldry, a 

 cross which has its shaft crossed twice. 



PATRI'CIANS. 1. The descendants of the 

 Roman senators (patres), created by Ro- 

 mulus, in contradistinction to the plebeians 

 or people. The dignity was subsequently 

 enjoyed by all who became senators by 



other means than hereditary claims. 



2. In church history, the followers of 

 Patricius, who maintained that the sub- 

 stance of the flesh was the work of the 

 devil, and that it was therefore a virtue 

 to abuse or even destroy it ! 



PAT'RICK, ST., ORDER OF. An Irish 

 order of knighthood, instituted by George 

 III. in 1783. 



PA'TRIOT. In the Latin of the middle 

 ayes, patriola signified a native, in con- 

 tradistinction to peregnnus, a foreigner: 

 and as the native or citizen was considered 



to be attached by his interests to the 

 Commonwealth, the word patriot crra- 

 dually acquired the meaning of a citizen 

 who loves his country (patria}. 



PATRIPAS'SIANS, from pater, father, and 

 passio, passion. A religious sect who 

 held that God the Father suffered with 

 Christ. 



PATRIS'TIC, Lat. pater. In theology, r 

 lated to the fathers of the church, 

 patristic theology. 



PATROL', Fr. patrouille, from patrouiil*r , 

 to paddle about. A guard of observation 

 who patrol or march during the night, to 

 observe what passes, and secure the safetj 

 of a certain station. 



PA'TRON. 1. A patron among the Ro- 

 mans wasa person who had freed his slave, 

 but retained some power over him after 

 his emancipation ; also a person in power, 

 under whose protection a few inferiors 

 (clients) put themselves, under certain 



conditions of personal service. 2. In 



the canon and common law, a person who, 

 having the advowson of a parsonage, 

 vicarage, or like spiritual promotion, be- 

 longing to his manor, has the gift and 

 disposition of the same, and may present 

 to it whenever it shall become vacant. 



3. In the Romish church, a guardian 



saint, whose name is borne by the object 

 protected. 



PAUL. A short bar of wood or iron, 

 fixed close to the capstan or windlass of 

 a ship, to prevent those engines from 

 rolling back when they are charged with 

 any great effort. 



PAUL BITS. Pieces of timber placed 

 perpendicularly before the windlass of a 

 ship, and serving as supports to the pauls 

 which are pinned to them 



PAULI'ANISTS. A heretical sect, founded 

 by Paulus of Samosata, in the third con- 

 tury. 



PArLi'ciANS. Christians of the seventh 

 century ; a branch of the ancient Ma- 

 nichees, so called from their leader, one 

 Paulus, an Armenian. They endured 

 great persecution, but were at length 

 exterminated. 



PAUSE, Lat. pausa, a stop. 1. A tem- 

 porary cessation in reading. The use of 

 punctuation is to mark the pauses in 

 writing. Besides the ordinary pauses, 

 which mark the sense, and which are the 

 same in prose and verse, there is in verso 

 a ccesural pause, which divides the verse, 



and a final pause, which closes it. 2 In 



music, a mark consisting of a curve drawn 

 over a dot ^, and signifying that the note 

 or rest over which it is placed is to be 

 continued beyond the regular time. 



PA'VAN. Peacock-dance. A grave 

 Spanish dance, in which the gentlemen 

 dance with cap and sword, princes intheii 

 robes, and ladies with their long trains. 

 The name is from Lat. pam. a peacock. 



