P III i 



solutions are blue ; but from these solu- 

 tions it is precipitated by any saline 

 substance. 



PHENOMENON. $otivou,tH>v, appearance; 

 ?>wv,twM, to appear. Something ob- 

 served ; something discovered to exist : 

 used most commonly in the plural, as the 

 phenomena, of the heavenly bodies. The 

 term often denotes an unusual appearance. 



PHE'ON. In heraldry, the barbed iron 



head of a dart. 

 PHILADEL'PHE 



, I love; 



brother. A secret society said to have 

 existed in France during the government 

 of Napoleon. 



PHILADEI/PHCS. The Syringa, or Mock 

 Orange. A genus of permanent plants. 

 IcosandriaMonogynia. Name from QtXtu, 

 to love,and*5sA?;?,abrother. Temperate 



i PHCE 



sophy, or ethics; that which treats of htm 

 as an intellectual being is termed initl- 

 lectual philosophy, or metaphysics. 



PHLEBI'TIS, from (pAsij/, a vein. Inflam- 

 mation of a vein. 



PHLEB'ORRAGY, from fXgi^, a vein, and 

 ft'/, ytu/a,! , to break out. A rupture of a vein. 



PHLEGXA'SIA., inflammation : from $>Ae- 

 i y>>, to burn. The disease popularly called 

 puerperal tumid leg has been named by 

 Dr. Hull Phlegmasia Dolens. The term 

 Phlegmasits is also used by Dr. Cullen to 

 designate an order of diseases in the class 

 ?rr<Ai;B . characterised by pyrexia, topical 

 pa:n, and inflammation ; the blood, after 

 venesection, exhibiting a buffy coat. 



PsiSG'iiotf, from $%.fyca, to burn. An 

 inflammation of the sort called healthy in- 

 Aatntnation. 

 ! PsLs'rst. CiU's-tail. A genus of gra 



PHILAN'THROPINISM. A system of edu- i miseous plants. TriandriaDigynia. Most 

 cation on natural principles, Tsauily j o f the species are British, among which 

 founded on the notions of Locke ana i are the Timothy-grasses, varieties of the 

 Kousseau. meadow-grass. 



PHILIP'PIC. A discourse, or declama- | PHLOGIS'TIC. 1. Pertaining to phlo- 



tion, full of acrimony. The name was 



originally given to 

 thenes against Phi 



an oration 



Philip, king of Macedon. 



giston. - 2. Inflammatory 

 ' 



PHLOGIS'TICATED AIR. Nitrogen was so 

 called by the old chemists, because it was 

 found neither to be inflammable nor a 

 supporter of combustion. 



PHLORID'ZINE, from <f\ciof, bark, and 

 oi'et, root. A hitter-tasted principle, 

 which exists in the bark of the trunk and 

 roots of the apple, pear, cherry, and plum 

 trees. Composition CM H9 O9. It is the 

 PMoridzite of Dr. Koninck. 



PHO'CJB. The Seals. A genus of Mam- 



malia; order Carnc 



family Carni 



and subsequently came to denote any such 

 orations, such as those of Cicero against 

 Mark Antony. 



PHJL'MOT, from Fr. feuille morte, a dead 

 leaf. Coloured like a dead leaf. 



; .<p;Xtw,tolove, 



and Kayo; , a word. Primarily, a love of 

 words : a desire to understand the origin 

 and construction of language. It is now 

 used, in a more general sense, to denote 

 what the French call Belles Lettres, and 

 includes grammar, rhetoric, poetry, his- 

 tory, and criticism. 



PHILOSOPHER'S STONE. A wonderful 

 substance, the discovery of which was the 

 principal object of alchemy. It wa sup- 

 posed to have the power of transforming 

 all the baser metals into gold, and of 

 curing all diseases. The appellation of 

 stone is of modern date: no mention is 

 made by any alchemist that the substance 

 Bought was of a lapideous nature. | obtained from the oil of the porpoise 



PHILOS'OPHT. */*<?>*, from ip/Xtw, i !JDtoAmMropnocna.Lin.). It yields pho- 



torn ; division Amphibia. The Phocas 

 live on fish, always eat in the water, and, 

 when they dive, close their nostrils by a 

 sort of valve. The Common Seal (P. vi- 

 tvlina. Lin.) is from three to five feet in 

 length, of a yellowish gray, spotted with 

 brown. Common on the coasts of Europe. 



Paocs^'ic. Appertaining to the dolphin. 

 Fhocenic acid is obtained from phocenine 

 by saponification. Composition C20 His (). 



PHO'CESINB A peculiar fatty matter, 



to love, and 



, wisdom. The love of 



wisdom. The term is now used, generally, 

 to denote an explanation of the reason, pr 

 an investigation of the causes, of all phe- 

 nomena both of mind and of matter. 

 AVhen applied to any particular depart- 

 ment of knowledge, it denotes the collec- 

 tion of the general laws or principles 

 under which all the subordinate pheno- 

 mena or facts relating to that subject are 

 ranged. Thus, that branch which treats 

 of nature is called natural philosophy, or 

 physics i that which treats of man, as 

 * moral creature, is called moral philo- 



ceaic acid by saponiflcation. 



PHCENICOP'TERUS. The Flamingo. A 

 genus of birds. Order Grallalorice ; family 

 Macrodactyii. Name ow<fcrTfo?, red- 

 winged , Qoinxos, red, and trti^M, a 

 wing, the bird being well characterised by 

 its general red plumage. The species of 

 the eastern continent and that of America 

 seem to be different, although both are 

 named P. r6rby naturalists. 



PHCE'NIX, <p0w|. I. A fabulous bird, 

 of which wonderful stories are told. It 

 was of tin- size of an eagle ; its head WM 

 finely crested ; the feathers of the neck 



2o 



