PIN 



SOS 



PIP 



pa 

 be 



grows to several pounds weight. Pine- 

 apple-yam is manufactured from the 

 leaves of the tree: it is simply the fibrous 



rt, and bids fair to rival flax. It has 



een manufactured into very fine cam- 

 brie. 



PINEAS'TER. A variety of the pine, a 

 tonsiderably sized timber tree, which 

 throws out large spreading arms, but is 

 naked in winter. It is also named the 

 cluster pine, the morentum, and wild 

 pine, &c. 



PINE-THIS'TLE. The Atractylis gummi- 

 f*ra, the root of which abounds with a 

 gummy matter, which exudes when it is 

 wounded. It grows in the south of Eu- 

 rope, where the flower-stalks are dressed 

 with oil and used as food, and the gummy 

 matter is chewed to strengthen the gums. 



PIN'ION. In mechanics, a small toothed 

 wheel, which drives, or is driven by, 

 a larger one. The term primarily signifies 

 the top of a feather, and subsequently the 

 tooth of a wheel working into another 

 wheel ; latterly a toothed spindle or ar- 

 bor, into which the teeth of a wheel 

 work. 



PINK, "Wei. pine. Sprightly, gay. 1. In 

 botany, see DIANTHCS. The Indian-pink, 

 or Peruvian worm-grass, is a species of 

 Spigelia, used by the Indians of North 

 America as an anthelmintic. - 2. For 

 Fr. pinqne, picked. A ship with a long 

 narrow stern. Hence also fink-sterned. 

 3. H(tch-pink is a colour of a reddish hue. 



PIN'NA. A genus of marine bivalvular 

 shells, belonging to the family Mytalacea. 

 Named from pinna, a plum*, in allusion 

 to the long silky byssus by wkich they are 

 moored, and which has been woven into 

 stockings, gloves, &c. The animal is a 

 limax. 



PIN'NACE. 1. A small vessel, navigated 

 with oars and sails, having generally two 

 masts, rigged like those of a schooner. 

 - 2. One of the boats of a man-of-war, 

 for carrying the officers to and from the 

 shore. 



PIN'NACLE, Lat. pinna. In architecture, 

 a polygonal pillar, generally applied at 

 the angles of a building, terminating py- 

 ramidally, and embellished with foliage. 



PIN'NATE, Lat. pinnatus. Having pinna 

 or leaflets : winged. Applied to a leaf 

 which has several leaflets proceeding 

 laterally from one stalk. 



PINNAT'IFID, Lat. pinnatifidits, feather- 

 cleft. Applied to leaves which are cut 

 transversely into several oblong parallel 

 segments. 



PINNAT'ULATE, Lat. pinnatnlattis, dim. 

 of pinnatus, pinnate. Applied to the leaf- 

 let of a pinnate leaf, when it is again 

 subdivided. 



PINT. A measure for liquids chiefly. 

 The imperial pint contains 34 '659 cubic 

 inches ; but there was formerly a pint for 



wine, and another for beer and ale. The 

 word is Dutch, and signifies a little mea- 

 sure of wine. 



PIONEER', fr.pionnier, contracted from 

 piochnier,frompioc!ie, a pickaxe, orpiocher 

 to dig. Pioneers are those whose busi- 

 ness it is to march with, or before, an 

 army, to repair the road, or clear it of ob- 

 structions, work at entrenchments, form 

 mines to destroy an enemy's works, &c. 



PIP. A disease among poultry, consist- 

 ing of a white thin skin, or film, growing 

 upon or under the tip of the tongue, 

 which hinders their feeding. 



PIPE (Saxon). 1. A wind instrument 

 of music, consisting of a long tube of wood 

 or metal. Pipe is not now, however, the 

 technical name of any particular instru- 

 ment, but is applicable to any tubular 

 wind instrument, and it occurs in bagpipe. 



2. A long tube, as for conducting 



water, gas, steam, &c. The large water 

 and gas pipes are cast-iron ; the principal 

 ones are called mains, and the others 

 services. The smallest sorts of services 

 are generally made of some alloy, of 

 which lead is the base ; but some are 

 made entirely of tin, others of lead only, 



and a few of brass. 3. A measure of 



wine, equal to 105 imp. gals, (nearly), or 

 126 wine gals. 2 pipes make 1 tun. In 

 practice, however, the pipe varies accord- 

 ing to the sort of wine it contains : thus, 

 apipe contains 138 gals, of Port, 130 gals. 

 of Sherry, 140 gals, of Lisbon, 110 gals, of 

 Madeira, &c. As these are rarely accu- 

 rate, it is common to charge for the 

 quantity which the vessel actually con- 

 tains. 



PIPE-CLAT. A clay of which tobacco- 

 pipes are made. It is a species of clay, 

 abounding in Devonshire and other parts 

 of England, employed in the manufactory 

 of various sorts of earthenware. 



PIPE-PISH. A name common to all the 

 J?istularidee, on account of the long tube 

 on the fore part of the cranium, and to 

 all the Sygnathi, on account of their tubu- 

 lar snout. 



PI'PER. In botany, the pepper-genus 

 of plants. Diandria Trigynia. Name 

 frifrtqi, from xixrtu, to concoct, because 

 by its heat it assists digestion. The long 

 pepper, black pepper, clove pepper, and 

 cubebs, are all fruits of species of this 

 genus. 



PIP'ERINE. A crystalline principle, 

 extracted from black pepper, by means of 

 alcohol. It is colourless, insoluble in 

 water, has hardly any taste, and fuses 

 at 212 F. 



PIP'RA. A genus of birds. The Mana- 

 kins. Order Passerines : family Dentiros- 

 tres. The rock manakins, or cocks of the 

 rock, are large birds, have a double ver- 

 tical crest on the head, formed of feathers 

 arranged like a fan. The adult male* of 



