R El 



620 



REN 



market, which used to be a punishable 

 offence, as it tended to raise the price. 

 It differed from engrossing, which signified 

 the buying the whole of certain articles, 

 with a view to raising the price; and 

 from forestalling, which signified the pur- 

 chasing of the provisions before they 



reached the market. 2. Among mtuoiu, 



the process of taking off the outer surface 

 of an old hewn stone, for the purpose of 

 whitening it and making it look fresh 

 again. 



REGRESSION : ~La.t.regressus, going back- 

 wards. In astronomy, the regression of the 

 moon's nodes is the motion of the line of 

 intersection of the orbit of the moon with 

 the ecliptic, which is retrograde. 



REG'ULAR, Lat. regularis, from regula, a 

 rule. 1. In geometry : a figure is said to be 

 regular when it is equilateral and equi- 

 angular; and a body is regular when it is 

 bounded by regular and equal planes, and 

 has all its solid angles equal. There are 

 five such regular bodies, viz., the Tetra- 

 edron, the Hexaedron or Cube, the Octa- 

 edron, the Dodecaedron, and the Icosa- 

 edron : called the Five Platonic Bodies. 

 Regular curves are such as are the peri- 

 meters of the conic sections, which are 

 always curved after the same geometrical 



way. 2. In the Roman Catholic Church, 



those that profess and follow a certain 

 rule of life, and observe the three vows 

 of poverty, chastity, and obedience, are 

 called Regulars. 



REGULA'TOR, Fr. regulier. In mechanics, 

 that part of a machine (whatever is its 

 nature), which makes the motion equable. 

 In a watch it is a small spring ; in a 

 steam-engine, windmill, &c. it is usually 

 named the governor. See GOVERNOR. 



REG'ULUS, Lat. dim. of rex, a king. 1. A 

 name given by the old chemists to metal- 

 lic matters, when separated from other 

 substances by fusion. It arose out of the 

 alchemical notion of finding gold, the king 

 of the metals, collected at the bottom of 

 the crucible after fusion. The term came 

 subsequently to be applied distinctively 

 in those cases where the metal and one of 

 its ores happened to be called by the same 

 name. Thus the sulphuret of antimony 

 was known by the name otantimoiu- long 

 before it was suspected to contain a pecu- 

 liar metal; hence, when this discovery 

 was made, the metal was called regulusof 

 antimony, to distinguish it from the ore 

 from which it was procured. 2. In as- 

 tronomy, a star of the first magnitude in 

 the constellation Leo , named also , from its 



situation, the lion's heart (cor leonis). 



3. In ornithology, the wren. 



statement of a criminal in his personal 

 rights, lost by a judicial sentence. 



RFIN-PEER". A quadruped ; the Ctriits 

 taiat'U'M, Liu., of the northern regions. 



It is about the size of the stag, but hat 

 shorter and stouter legs. Rein-deer con- 

 stitute the wealth of the Laplanders, &c. 



REINFO'RCE. In artillery, that pan of a 

 gun nearest the breech, made stronger to 

 resist the explosive force of the powder. 



REIS-EFFEN'DI. One of the principal 

 Turkish officers of state. 



RKJOIN'DER. In law-pleadings, the de- 

 fendant's answer to the plaintiff's repli- 

 cation. 



RE'LAIS. In fortification, a narrow 

 walk, four or five feet wide, left without 

 the ramparts. 



RELA'TION, INHARMONIC. In music, 

 when a dissonant sound is introduced, 

 which was not heard in the preceding 

 chord. 



RELEA'SE. In laic, an instrument in 

 writing, by which estates, rights, titles, 

 entries, actions, and other things, are ex- 

 tinguished and discharged. 



RELESSEE', | In laic, a relesseeisz person 



RELES'SOR. j to whom a release is exe- 

 cuted ; a refessor is the person who exe- 

 cutes a release. 



REL'EVANCY. In Scolslaw, sufficiency 

 to infer the conclusion. 



RELI'EF SYNOD. A body of Presbyterian 

 dissenters in Scotland, whose ground of 

 separation from the established church 

 was the violent exercise of lay-patronage. 



RELIEV'ING-TACKLE. In mechanics, two 

 strong tackles, used to prevent a ship's 

 overturning on the careen, and afterwards 

 to assist in uprighting her. 



RELIE'VO (Italian), \ In sculpture, the 



RELIEF 7 (Fr.&Eng.). J projecture or 

 prominence of figures beyond or above 

 the plane or ground on which it is formed. 

 It is of three kinds, alto-relievo (high 

 relief ), basso-relievo (low-relief), and demi- 

 relievo (half-relief ) (q.v.). 



RE'LIQUARY. A receptacle for the 

 relics venerated in Roman Catholic 

 churches 



REMAIN'DER. 1. In arithmetic, that 

 which arises by subtracting one quantity 



from another. 2. In law, an estate 



limited in lands, tenements, or rents, to 

 be enjoyed after the expiration of another 

 particular estate. A grants land to B for 

 20 years, remainder to C in fee. 



REMEMBRANCERS. Officers of the Court 

 of Exchequer, whose chief function is to 

 remind the judges of things to be done for 

 the benefit of the king. 



REMON'STRANTS. In church history, 

 those Arminians who remonstrated 

 against the decisions of the Synod of 

 Dort, in 1618. 



RENDERING. In building, see PAGET- 



REN'IFORM. Kidney-shaped; ren, and 

 forma, likeness. 



RENI'TENCE, Lat. renitens. In m<v'<- 

 RIKI'TENCY. j nics, that resistance la 



