SAB 



633 



SAC 



building of this sort forms the rustic order. 

 When the margins of the stones are re- 

 duced to a plane parallel to the plane of 

 the wall, the intermediate parts being an 

 irregular surface, it is denominated 

 frosted rustic work ; and when the inter- 

 mediate parts are so worked as to have 

 the appearance of being worm-eaten, it is 

 vermiculated rustic work. When the faces 

 of the stones are smoothed, and made pa- 

 rallel to the surface of the wall, and have 

 the margins cut away to an angle of 135* 

 with the face of the stone, it constitutes 

 nutic chamfered work. 



RC'TILE, ) A brownish or yellowish 



KrxiLi'xE. (red (sometimes nearly 

 black) ore of titanium. It occurs regu- 

 larly crystallised, massive, disseminated, 

 in grains, and in flakes, in Scotland, in the 

 granite of Cairngorum. Lustre often me- 

 tallic, scratches glass, and is infusible be- 

 fore the blowpipe. Sp. gr. 4'2 to 4'4. It 

 takes its name from its red colour. 



KT'LIER. In law, for rider. A. new 

 clause to be added to a bill on its third 

 reading. It is done by tacking a separate 

 piece of parchment on the bill, which 

 jaece is the ryder. 



RYE. The bread-corn of Germany and 

 1't.ussia, being more easily cultivated, and 

 a more certain crop than wheat. The 

 common rye is the Secale cereale, and the 

 spurred rye, the Secale cornutum of botany. 

 Neither are much grown in England. 



RYE-GRASS. The Loliwn perenne, of 

 trhich there are about fifteen varieties 

 cultivated in Britain, all of which are 

 perennial. 



RY'OT. A peasant of Hindostan. The 

 ryots rent the land by a lease, which is 

 considered as perpetual, and at a rate 

 lixed by ancient surveys and valuations. 



s. 



8, the nineteenth letter of the English 

 alphabet. It stands as an abbreviation 

 for locietas, society, or socius, fellow, as in 

 F.R.S., Fellow of the Royal Society ; and 

 for smtth, on compass cards, &c. In Ita- 

 lian music, S signifies solo. In medical 

 prescriptions, S. A. means secundumartetn, 

 according to the rules of art ; and s or ss 

 immediately following any quantity, im- 

 ports semis or half. 



SABA'OTH (Heb.) signifies hosts or ar- 

 mies. 



SABBVTA'RIANS. A sect of Christians, 

 who maintain that the Jewish sabbath 

 was not abrogated, and ought to be ob- 

 served. 



SAB'BATH DAY'S JOURNEY. About two- 

 thirds of an English mile. 



SABBAT'ICAL YEAR was every seventh 

 year in the Jewish economy. Observed 

 with the same respect as the seventh day 



SA.BEI/LIA.NS. Followers of Sabellius, a 

 philosopher of Egypt, in the third century . 

 who openly taught that there is one per- 

 son only in the Godhead, and that the 

 Word and Holy Spirit are merely virtues, 

 emanations, or functions of the Deity. 



SA'BIANISM. That species of idolatry 

 which consists in worshipping the sun 

 and stars, called emphatically the hosts of 

 heaven: hence the term, from the Chal- 

 daic word for host or army. Sabianism is 

 ,he oldest idolatry on record, and it exists 

 to the present day in Persia (Chaldea), 

 whence it was imported into Europe. 



SA'BIANS. A Christian sect ; called also 

 Christians of Saint John. 



SA'BLE. 1. An animal of the weasel 

 tribe, the mitstella, or Vii-erra zibellina, 

 Lin., found in the northern latitudes of 

 America and Asia, and much hunted for 

 the sake of its fur. Its colour is usually 

 of a deep glossy brown, sometimes black, 

 rarely yellow, and more rarely white. It 

 resembles the martin, and burrows in the 



ground. 2. In heraldry, the tincture 



black, represented in engraving by per- 

 pendicular and horizontal lines crossing 

 each other. 



SA.'BIXE. A species of juniper (the Ju- 

 niperus sabina'), so named after the Sa- 

 bines, whose priests used it in their reli- 

 gious ceremonies. It yields the oil known 



, oil of sabine. 



SAC. la English I<JM>, the privilege en- 

 joyed by the lord of a manor, of holding 

 courts, trying causes, and imposing tines. 



SAC'CADE (French), a jerk. In horse- 



anship, a sudden and violent check of a 

 horse, by drawing or twitching the reins 

 on a sudden, and with one pull ; a correc- 

 tion when the horse bears heavy on the 

 hand. 



SA.CCHAR'IC ACID, Lat. saccharum, sugar. 

 An acid product formed during the action 

 of nitric acid on sugar. 



SACCHAR'OID, from <r^;af , sugar, and 

 tTSaj.form; like sugar. A term applied 

 to rocks which have a texture resembling 

 that of loaf sugar. 



SACCHAROM'ETER, from ffax%a.%, sugar, 

 and t!r;sv, measure. An instrument 

 used by the excise officers for ascertain- 

 ing the strength of wort, or the quantity 

 of sugar it contains. 



SAC'CHAHUM, the Latin word for sugar. 

 2x%v, the oriental name sakar, from 

 Arab. In botany, the sugar-cane : a 

 genus of perennial plants of five species 

 TriandrialUgynia. Natural order Ora 

 mina. The species from which sugar is ob- 

 tained is the S. officinarwn : it is common 

 to the warm parts of America and Asia. 



SACCHOLACTIC ACID. A name formerly- 

 given to the mucicacidfa.v.), from saccha- 

 rum, sugar, and lac, milk : acid obtained 

 from the sugar of milk. 



