8 AT 



Sequent use for this purpose the name 

 became applied to the tomb itself. 



SARD, \ A mineral: a variety of car- 



SARDE, >nelian which displays on its 



SARDOIN. ' surface a rich reddish brown, 

 bvt when held between the eye and the 

 light appears of a deep blood-red colour. 

 So named from its being found in Sar- 

 dinia. 



SAR'DEL, ) 1. A precious stone, named 



SAR'DINE. j from Sardis in Asia Minor. 

 2. In ichthyology (see SARDINE) 



SAR'DINE. A fish of the herring tribe, 

 but smaller. The French often cure sar- 

 dines with red brine, and then name them 

 anchovied sardines (anchovies). 



SARDON'IC LAUGH. A convulsive in- 

 voluntary laughter or grin, which gives 

 a peculiarly horrible aspect to the coun- 

 tenance. So named because it is said to 

 be produced by eating a species of ranun- 

 culus, which grew around certain foun- 

 tains of Sardinia. It is chiefly observed 

 in cases of tetanus 



SAR'DONYX, <rcta$6*v%. A variety of cal- 

 cedony differing from carnelian only in 

 its colour, which is reddish -yellow ap- 

 proaching to orange. It was much used 

 by the ancients, for engraving upon, on 

 account of its combining hardness and 

 tenacity. 



i SAR'MENT, Lat. sarmrntum. A twig, 



runner, or training stalk. 



SARMENTA'CEOUS, having garments. 

 L'sed also synonymously with sarinentpse. 



SARMEN'TOSE, Lat sarmentosus, trailing. 

 Applied to creeping stems. See SARMENT. 



SAR'PLAR. A sarplar of wool is a sack 

 containing 80 tods : a tod containing 2 

 stones of 14 Ibs. each. 



SAR'RASINE. In fortification, a sort of 

 portcullis, called also a herse. It is hung 

 by a cord over the gate of a town, fortress, 

 &"., and let down in case of surprise. 



SARSAPARIL'LA. In pharmacy, the root 

 of the smilax sarsaparilla, a plant which 

 Kr'_><vs in South America, and some of the 

 West India Islands. The name is Spanish, 

 zarza, a briar, and parilla, a little vine: 

 tho thorny little vine. 



SARTO'RICS, Lat. from sartor, a tailor. 

 In anatomy, the Tailor's muscle: a fiat, 

 slender muscle, which is situated imme- 

 diately under the teguments, and extends 

 obliquely from the upper and anterior 

 part of the thigh to the upper, anterior, 

 and inner part of the tibia. It is the 

 longest muscle of the human body. 



SAS'SAFRAS. A species of laurel, the 

 Laurus sassafras, so named from the river 

 txiAsefras in America, on the banks of 

 which it grows abundantly. The wood, 

 root, and bark have an aromatic taste 

 and a fragrant odour It is used only in 

 the materia medica. 



SAS'SEPARINZ. A vegetable principle 

 obtained from the root of the unit ax sana- 



panlia,OT sarsaparilla of the apothecaries. 

 It is thus named by Thubeuf, but Batk.v 

 made some experiments upon it and gave 

 it the name of parillinic acid. Pallota 

 called it parigline, and Folchi named it 

 smilacine. 



SAS'SOLINE. Native boracic acid, so 

 named from its being found incrusted 

 near the warm spring of Sasso, in Tuscany. 



SAS'TRA. A Hindoo book containing 

 sacred ordinances. 



SA'TAN (Heb.). An enemy or adversary. 

 The equivalent terrain Greek is 'iae,So)(.of , 

 whence the word devil. 



SAT'ELLITE, Fr. and It., from Lat. sa- 

 telles. A secondary planet, or moon : a 

 small planet revolving about another. 

 Eighteen satellites have been discovered 

 in the solar system, of which the earth 

 has one (the moon) , Jupiter four, Saturn 

 seven, and Uranus six. 



SAT'IN, from an oriental root. The 

 name of a silk stuff first imported from 

 China. It is woven with five-leaved 

 heddles, and a corresponding number of 

 treddles, and is distinguished by one side 

 of it having a fine glossy surface, four- 

 fifths of the warp being always shown on 

 that side. 



SAT'IN-SPAK. A fibrous variety of cal- 

 careous spar, which when polished has a 

 lustre resembling satin. Found in Cum- 

 berland. 



SA'TRAP. The Greek name of the go- 

 vernors of provinces, under the Persian 

 kings, before the conquests of Alexander. 



SATURA'TION, from satitr, full. A term 

 employed in chemistry to express that 

 state of a body when it has taken its full 

 dose, or chemical proportion, of any other 

 with which it cau combine. Thus water 

 is saturated with a salt when it has dis- 

 solved its full quantity ; an acid is satu- 

 rated by an alkali in the state of a neutral 

 salt. 



SATUR'EIA, ) The Savory: a genus of 



SATUR'EJA. / plants. Didynamia Gym- 

 nospeimia. Name from trcm/goi, the sa- 

 tyrs, because it is said to make those who 

 eat of it lascivious. The summer savory 

 is cultivated in our gardens for culinary 

 purposes. 



SA'TURN. 1. In mythology, one of the 

 oldest and principal deities : the son of 

 Coelus and Terra (heaven and earth), and 

 the father of Jupiter. He answers to the 



Greek X|eo?, Time. 2. In astronomy, 



the sixth, and, excepting Uranus, the 

 most distant primary planet. Diameter 

 79,042 miles ; revolution on its axis 10 

 hours, 16 minutes, and round the sun 

 10,746 days ; diameter of orbit 900,000,000 

 miles. Saturn has 7 satellites, and is en- 

 compassed besides by an opaque ring. 



3. The old chemical name of lead. 



SATURNA'LIA. In antiquity, feasts eetr 



