STI 



683 



STO 



3. An impression, such as that made 

 by branding with a hot iron. 



STIG'MATA, plural of stigma. Spiracles 

 from which the tracheae of insects com- 

 mence. 



STII/BITE, from trnXfitu, to shine. A 

 mineral, the radiated zeolite of Jameson, 

 thus named from its shining lustre. It 

 occurs in the secondary trap-rocks of 

 Scotland, Norway, &c. It is commonly 

 white, but sometimes grey, yellow, &c. 



STILE. In architecture, the vertical 

 piece in framing or panelling. 



STILL. The name of the principal ves- 

 sel in which distillation is conducted. 

 The liquid is vaporised by heat in the 

 part called the cucurbit, and the vapours 

 are condensed in another part called the 

 refrigeratory. Stills are of many forms, 

 the simplest of which consists of a retort 

 and receiver. The term is commonly 

 derived from Latin stitlo, to drop, the 

 root of distill. 



STILT BIRD. The name of the Himnn- 

 topus melanoptenis, having long slender 

 legs. 



STIM'ULANT, from stimulo, to stir up. 

 Possessing the power of exciting the ani- 

 mal energy. Medical stimulants are ge- 

 neral when they affect the whole system, 

 as mercury ; and topical, when they affect 

 only a part, as mustard applied to the 

 km. 



STiu'tiLus, (Lat.) from a-ri'y,u,t{ In pa- 

 thology, that which rouses the action or 

 energy of a part. In botany, a sting. The 

 nettle is furnished with stimuli. 



STING. In entomology, au apparatus in 

 the form of a little barbed spear, furnished 

 by nature to some insects as a weapon of 

 defence. In most instances it is a tube 

 through which a poisonous liquid is pro- 

 jected, which influences the part stung, 

 and in some cases proves fatal to life. 



STINK'STONE. The name given to a va- 

 riety of limestone, which gives out a 

 foetid odour when rubbed. The black 

 marble of Kilkenny is an example. 



STINT. In coal mines, a measure of 

 work, two yards long by one broad, which 

 each miner clears before he removes to 

 another place. 



STIPE, Lat. stipes, from <TTVTOJ. The 

 stem of a fungus, fern, or palm. 



STI'PEND, Lat. itipendium. Originally 

 the pay of soldiers. In law, a salary or 

 allowance for work done. In Scotland, 

 the term is confined to denote the sala- 

 ries of clergymen. 



STIPULATE, Lat. stipilatus, standing on 

 a pillar or pedicle. See STIPE. 



STIP'FLING. 1. A mode of engraving on 

 copper by means of dots, as contradistin- 

 guished from engraving in continuous | 



lines. 2. The term is likewise applied j 



to the mode adopted by some artists in 

 Irawing, of putting in tints and shadows > 



of black lead or crayon, by means of the 

 end of a piece of coiled paper charged 

 with the pigment, with which it is 

 stippled or stamped on to the surface of 

 the paper. Good artists generally de- 

 spise this process. 



STIP'ULA, \ In botany, a leafy appen- 



STIP'ULE. ) dage to proper leaves or 

 their footstalk. The stipulae often ap- 

 proximate closely to the appearance of 

 real leaves. 



STIP'ULATE, Lat. stipulatus. Having 

 stipules ; producing stipulae. 



STIR'RUP, Sax. stirge-rapa, step-rope ; 

 stigan,to step up. 1. A kind of ring, hori- 

 zontal on one side to receive the foot of 

 the rider, and attached to a strap which is 

 fastened to the saddle. The first stirrups 



appear to have been ropes. 2. In ships, 



stirrups are short ropes, having their 

 upper ends plaited and nailed round the 

 yards, and eyes made in their lower ends, 

 through which the horses are reeved, to 

 keep them parallel to the yards. A piece of 

 timber put under the keel, when some part 

 of it is lost, is also denominated a stirrup. 



STI'VER, ) A Dutch coin about the va- 



STUI'VER. ( lue of a halfpenny sterling. 

 It is also a money of account in Holland 

 and Flanders. 



STOCK. 1. In botany, see MVTHIOLA and 



CHEIRANTHUS. 2. In agriculture, the 



domestic animals, as horses, cows, sheep, 



belonging to the owner of a farm. 3. 



Living beasts shipped to a foreign coun- 

 try or distant market. 4. The capital 



of a commercial insurance or banking, 

 company, also the goods on hand of a 

 merchant or trading company. See 



STOCKS. 5. A carpenter's tool. Set 



STOCK and BIT. 



STOCK'ADE, ) Ital. siocco. In fortifica- 



STOCCAD'E, } tion, a sharp stake or post 

 set in the earth, more properly a line of 

 such posts set up as a fence or barrier. 



STOCK AND BIT. An instrument used 

 by carpenters. The *tock A is a tool with 



a crank, so contrived as to rest with one 

 end against the breast of the workman, 

 while with the one hand he guides the 

 boring end B, and with the other turn* 



