SUB 



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SUB 



SrBLiMA'TioN. A process by which 

 rolatile particles of solid substances are 

 driven off by heat, and again condensed 

 in a solid form ; often a crystalline mass. 

 The process differs from evaporation only 

 in being confined to solid matters. It is 

 usually performed for the purpose of puri- 

 fying certain substances, but sometimes 

 for the purpose of reducing the solid into 

 vapovxi, to facilitate its chemical combi- 

 nation with some other substance. When 

 the sublimed matter concretes into a solid 

 hard mass, as bichloride of mercury and 

 sal-ammoniac, it is commonly called a 

 sublimate ; if into a powdery form, as 

 sulphur and benzoin, it is popularly 

 namedjlowers. 



SCB'LIME, Lat. sublimis. In the fine 

 arts, high or exalted in style ; that which 

 in art is raised above the higher standard 

 of nature. 



SCBMAX'ILLARY, from sub, and maxilla, 

 the jaw-bone. Situated under the jaw. 

 Thus the salivary elands, situated one on 

 either side, immediately within the angle 

 of the lower jaw, are termed submaxillary 

 glands. 



SCBME'DIANT. In music, the sixth note, 

 or middle note between the octave and 

 subdominant. 



SUBMDL'TIPLE. In arithmetic, a number 

 or quantity which is contained in another, 

 a certain number of times, or is an aliquot 

 part of it. Thus 4 and 7 are a submultiple 

 of 28, and 28 is a common multiple of 4 

 and 7 ; also 4 and 7 are the aliquot parts 

 of 28. The term is in some measure su- 

 perfluous. 



SDB.NOK'MAL. In geometry, a line which 

 determines the point of the axis of a 

 curve, where the normal or perpendicular, 

 raised from the point of contact of a tan- 

 gent to the curve, cuts the axis. 



SCBOR'DINARY. In heraldry, an ordi- 

 nary which is less than one-fifth of the 

 whole shield. 



SCBORNA'TION, Fr. from suborner. 1. In 

 law, the crime of procuring a person to 

 take such a false oath as constitutes per- 

 jury. 2. The crime of procuring one to 



do a criminal action. 



SCBP<E'NA, ) Lat. from sub, and pcena, 



SDBPE'NA, j penalty. A. writ command- 

 ing the attendance in court of the person 

 on whom it is served, as witness, &c., 

 under a penalty. The person so summoned 

 is said to be subpoenaed. 



SCBROOA'TION, from subrogo. In civil 

 law, the substituting of one person for an- 

 other, and giving him the rights of that 

 other. 



SCB'SALT. A salt in which the base is 

 not saturated by the acid: opposed to 

 super salt (q. v.). 



SUBSE'MITONE. In music, the leading 

 note, or sharp seventh of the scale. 



, Lat. tubsidium, from subside. 



Something furnished for aid. Formerly 

 subsidius was a tax, for the benefit of tha 

 kings of England, on persons in respect 

 to their reputed estates, after the nominal 

 value of 4s. the pound for lands, and 2s. M. 



for goods. 2. In international policy, a 



sum of money paid by one nation to an- 

 other, to purchase the service of addi- 

 tional troops, or other aid in war, &c. 

 Thus Britain paid heavy subsidies to 

 Austria and Prussia, during the last Eu- 

 ropean war, to engage them to resist the 

 progress of the French. These subsidies, 

 moreover, generally found their way into 

 the coffers of Napoleon, being usually 

 paid over by the bribed for a little respite. 



SUB'SOIL. Under-soil : the bed of earth 

 which lies between the surface-soil and 

 base of rocks on which it rests : substra- 

 tum. 



SCB'SPECIES. A division of a species. 



SCB'STAXTIVE. Lat. substantivus. 1. In 

 grammar, a noun. The part of speech 

 which expresses something that exists 

 either materially or immaterially. Ad- 

 jectives and even pronouns are sometimes 

 used substantirely, and we have substantive 

 verbs, or verbs betokening existence. 

 2. In dyeing, substantive colours are such 

 as remain permanent on the fabric, with- 

 out the intervention of other substances. 



SUBSTITU'TION, from substitute. 1. In 

 law, the designation of another heir to 

 enjoy, in default of a former heir, or after 



him. 2. In algebra, the replacing of 



one quantity by another which is equal, 



but differently expressed. 3. In music, 



chords of substitution are those of the ninth 

 major and minor. 



SCBSTRAC'TION. In late, the withdraw- 

 ing (subtracting), or withholding of some 

 right. Thus the substruction of a legacy 

 is the withholding or detaining it from 

 the legatee by the executor, for which 

 the law gives a remedy. 



SDB'STTLE. Substylar Line, in dialling, 

 is a right line on which the gnomon or 

 style is erected, at right angles with the 

 plane. 



SCBSUI/TUS TENDI.NCM. In nosology, v 

 weak convulsive motions or twisting of 

 the tendons, observed in the extreme 

 stages of debility, produced by low ner- ' 

 vous and typhus fevers. They are usually c 

 the harbingers of a fatal termination. 



SUBTAN'GENT. In geometry, the part of 

 the axis contained between the ordinate 

 and tangent drawn to the same point in a 

 curve : the line which determines the in- 

 tersection of the tangent in the axis pro- 

 longed. 



SCBTBN'SE, from sub and tensut. The 

 chord of an arc : something extended 

 under. 



SUBTRACTION , from subtraho. In arith- 

 metic, &c., the taking of one number from 

 another of the same kind or denomioa 



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