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TEM'PERATE ZONE. The space of the 

 earth, between the tropics and the polar 

 circles, where the temperature is lower 

 than in the tropics, and higher than in 

 the polar circles. 



TEM'PERATUBE, Lat. temperatura. The 

 state of a body with regard to heat and 

 cold, as indicated by the thermometer. 

 Thus we say a high temperature to denote 

 a manifest intensity of heat, and a low 

 temperature to designate the reverse. 

 The temperature of the human body while 

 it lives (in health) is 98 F. ; the tempera- 

 ture of boiling water at the level of the 

 ea is 212 F., and at the top of Mont 

 Blanc it is 189" F., giving a range of tem- 

 perature between these two levels of 23. 



TEMPERING. In metallurgy, the pre- 

 paring of steel or iron, so as to render 

 them harder or softer, as may be required. 



TEM'PLARS. Knights of the Temple. A 

 religious military order, first established 

 at Jerusalem, in favour of pilgrims tra- 

 velling to the Holy Land. The order 

 originated with some persons who, in 

 11 18, devoted themselves to the service of 

 God, promising to live in perpetual chas- 

 tity, obedience and poverty, after the 

 manner of canons. In 1228 the order was 

 confirmed, in the council of Trcyes. It 

 flourished, became immensely rich and 

 insolent, and was in consequence sup- 

 pressed by the council of "V'ienne in 1312. 

 The order was denominated from an 

 apartment in the palace of Baldwin II., 

 in Jerusalem, near the Temple. 



TEM'PLATE. A sort of mould employed 

 in cutting and setting masonry and brick- 

 work. It consists of a thin piece of iron, 

 cut to the exact cross section of the mould- 

 ing, or other feature to be worked. 



TEM'PLE, Lat. templum. 1. A public 

 edifice, erected in honour of or for the wor- 

 ship of some deity. Originally, temples 

 were open places, as the Stonehenge in 

 England. At ancient Rome, the open 

 temples were called sacella, and those 



which were roofed were called cedes. 



2. In England, the temples are two inns of 

 court, so called because they were an- 

 ciently dwellings of the knights templars. 



See INN. 3. In anatomy, the temples 



are the lateral and flat parts of the fore- 

 head, so called because the ravages of 

 time are often first perceptible by the 

 hair on these parts becoming grey. 



TEM'PLET. 1. A short piece of timber 

 placed in a wall (chiefly brick- walls), to 



receive the end of a girder. 2. The 



same as lemplnte (q. v.) 



TEM'PO. The Italian word for timt. 

 Applied in music. 



TEM'PORAL. In anatomy, appertaining 

 to the temples, as the temporal artery, a 

 branch of the carotid, which gives off the 

 frontal artery ; the temporal bone* situated 

 -on each side 'of the head, and all of* very 



irregular figure ; the temporal tnutcle is a 

 muscle of the lower jaw, situated on the 

 temple. 



TENAC'ULTJM. A surgical instrument, 

 with a hooked extremity, for seizing and 

 drawing out the mouths of bleeding ar- 

 teries, to secure them by ligaments. 



TENA'IL, Fr. tenaille. In fortification, an 

 outwork resembling a hornwork, but, 

 having only in front a re-entering ansle 

 without flanks ; a double or flanked tena 1 

 has two re-entering angles. 



TENAI'LLON , from tenail. In fortification 

 a work constructed on each side of the 

 ravelins, like lunettes, but having one ol 

 the faces in the direction of the ravelin, 

 whereas that of the lunette is perpendi- 

 cular to it. 



TEX'ANT, Fr. from tenir, to hold. In 

 law, a person holding land, or other real 

 estate, under another, either by grant, 

 lease, or at will: one who has temporary 

 possession of lands, &c., the titles ot 

 which are in another, as tenant in tail, 

 tenant in common, tenant by courtesy, 

 tenant in parcenary, &c. A tenant in oapitf 

 is a tenant in chief, or one who holds 

 directly of the Crown. Tenants in capite 

 have the fee of the land, and permanent 

 possession. 



TEU'DER. 1. A small vessel employed 

 to attend one or more larger ones to sup- 

 ply stores, &c. 2. A waggon built for 



the purpose of accompanying a locomo- 

 tive engine for the conveyance of fuel, 



water, &c. 3. In law, an offer either 



in money to pay a debt, or of service to 

 be performed, in order to save a penalty 

 which would be incurred by non-payment 

 or non-performance. 



TEN'DO ACHILLIS. The large tendon 

 which passes from the muscles of the calf 

 to the heel. 



TEN'DON, from tendo, to extend or 

 stretch. The white and glistening extre- 

 mity of a muscle. 



TENE'BRIO. The name of a genus of 

 heteromerous coieoptera. The species are 

 very numerous, and are very common 

 under the bark of trees, on old walls and 

 the uninhabited parts of houses. The T. 

 molitor is the favourite food of the night- 

 ingale in its captive state. 



TEN'EMENT. In law, any species of pro- 

 perty which may be held by a tenant. In 

 common parlance, the term means a 

 building for habitation. 



ZNUE*. In heraldry, tawny or brusk, 

 A colour made by red and yellow mixed 

 together, and is expressed in engraving 

 by lines diagonal from the sinister chief 

 and traverse. In blazoning by celestial 

 things, it is called the dragon's-head, and 

 by precious stones, the hyacinth. 



TE.N'ON. In carpentry, &c., the square 

 end of a piece of wood which is fitted u 

 a, mortise for insertion, or inserted foi 



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