TRE 



724 



TPI 



an over-shot water-wheel, but having 

 trfttd-boards, of considerable length, upon 

 its circumference, to allow of sufficient 

 standing-room for a row of from 10 to 20 

 persons, by whose weight the wheel is 

 moved round. It is an invention of the 

 Chinese, who use it to raise water for the 

 irrigation of their fields. It has been in- 

 troduced into some of the prisons of Eng- 

 land, for the exercise of criminals con- 

 demned for short periods to hard labour. 

 The engraving exhibits that erected at 

 Brixton for grinding corn. 



TREA/SL-RE TROVE. In laic, mor.py, rr 

 other treasure, found hidden, and" the 

 oyner unknown, in which case it belongs 

 to the crown. Trove is from the French 

 word trouver, to find, trour f, found. 



TREASURY, BOARD OF. The board which 

 has charge of the sovereign's civil list, or 

 other revenues. 



TRE'BLE, Lat. triplex. In music, acute : 

 the highest and most acute of the four 

 parts in symphony. This is divided into 

 first or high treble, and second or base 

 treble. 



TRECK'SCHUYT. A Dutch track boat. 



TREE-NAILS, is now commonly written 

 trenails (q. v.). 



TREE-TOAD. A species of Rana, found 

 in North America, often on trees. 



TRE'roiL.from trifolium, tres and folium, 

 a leaf. 1. In botany, see TRIFOLIUM and 



LOTUS. 2. In Gothic architecture, an 



ornament, consisting of three cusps in a 

 circle, like the leaf of the trefoil plant. 



TREMAN'DO. In music, one of the har- 

 monic graces, from the Italian, trembling. 



TKEMEL'LA. A genus of algas, of which 

 the only species is the I. nostoc, an indi- 

 genous greenish jelly, which is edible. 

 Name from tremo, to tremble, being a 

 tremulous substance. 



TREM'OLITE. A variety of hornblende, 

 or straight-edged augite, so named from 

 its having been first found in Tremola, a 

 valley of St. Gothard. There are several 

 sno-varieties of this mineral, as the com- 

 mon glassy and fibrous tremolite and 



baikalitc. It is found only in primary 

 rocks. 



TRE'NAILS, ) (A corruption of tree- 



TREN'NELLS. j nails.) A name for such 

 wooden pins as are employed to connect 

 the plank of a ship's sides and bottom to 

 the corresponding timbers ; and also for 

 those hollow oak pins, or plugs, usually 

 driven into blocks of stone, when any- 

 thing is to be secured to them. 



TRENCH'ES. In fortification, are ways 

 hollowed in the earth, and in form of a 

 fosse, having a parapet towards the place 

 besieged, called lines of approach, or lines 

 of attack ; or a work raised with fascines, 

 gabions, wool-sacks, &c., to cover the 

 men from the fire of the besieged. 



TREND. In navigation, to trend is to 

 lay in a perpendicular direction. 



TREI-AN, Lat. trepannm, from T^UTO.*, 

 to perforate. A surgical instrument, 

 bearing some resemblance to a wimble, 

 and worked in the sarae manner. It is 

 used for sawing a circular portion of bone 

 out of the skull. See TREPHINE. 



TRE'PHINE. An instrument generally 

 used by English surgeons, instead of the 

 trepan, which is used on the continent. 

 It consists of a circular saw, with a han- 

 dle placed transversely, like that of a 

 gimlet, and has a perforating or central 

 pin, which is fixed into the skull, and 

 forms an axis on which the circular edge 

 rotates. 



TRES'PASS. In law, unlawful entrance 

 on another's grounds. 



TRES'SLE-TREES, ) In ship-buildinff , two 



TRES'TLE-TREES. I strong bars of timber, 

 fixed horizontally on the opposite sides 

 of the lower mast-head, to support the 

 frame of the top, and weight of the top- 

 mast. 



TREASURE. In heraldry, a border 

 running parallel with the sides of the 

 escutcheon. 



TRET, ) In commerce, an allowance to 



TRETT. j purchasers, for waste or refuse 

 matter, of 4 per cent, on the weight of 

 some commodities. 



TRI'AD. In mime, a compound of three 

 sounds, which has received the name of 

 the harmonic triad. It is formed of a 

 third, a fifth, and the bass. 



TBIAS'DRIA, from rgl/s, three, and rr, 

 a male. 1. The third class of plants in the 

 sexual system of Linnaeus, comprising 

 plants which have hermaphrodite flowers, 

 with three distinct stamens. The orders 

 are monogynia, digynia, and trigynia. 

 -^2. The name of several orders of 

 plants in the Linnaean sexual system, 

 which, besides their classic characters, 

 have three stamens. 



TRI'ANGLE, from tres and angulus. 1 

 In geometry a figure bounded by three 

 lines, and having consequently thre* 



