TUS 



731 



TYP 



lation be performed with water, the pro- 

 duct is an essential oil, the common oil, 

 essence, or spirit of turpentine of the 

 shops ; and if the distillation be performed 

 in a retort, without water, the product 

 is very -volatile and pungent, and is 

 termed ethereal spirit of turpentine. It is 

 hardly possible to obtain oil of turpen- 

 tine pure from the shops. Sp. gr. when 

 pure Q'870; as sold 0'876, and often higher. 



TURUUO'IS, Fr. turquoise; Ger. turkiss. 

 A gem of a greenish-blue colour, found 

 in opaque and roundish masses, from the 

 size of a pea to that of an egg. Sp. gr. 

 3'13. The finest specimens are found in 

 Persia, in clay slate. 



TUR'TLE, Sax., from Lat. tnrtur. 1. The 

 turtle dove is the Columba turtur, Lin., 

 celebrated for its connubial constancy and 



affection. 2. The edible sea turtle is 



the green tortoise (Testudo mydas], Lin., 

 found from six to seven feet in length, 

 and weighing from 700 to 800 Ibs. Its flesh 

 and eggs are highly esteemed, and furnish 

 a wholesome and palatable supply of food 

 to the mariner in every latitude of the 

 torrid zone. See TESTUDO and TORTOISE. 



TVS'CAN ORDER. An order of architec- 



the columns are n?ver fluted. It is net 

 found in any ancient buildings. 



TUSK. In carpentry, a bevel shoulder 

 made above a tenon, to strengthen it. 



TISSIL.V'GO. Colt's foot. A genus of 

 herbaceous plants. Syngenesia Poly. 

 supcrflua. The common and the bastard 

 colt's- foot and the butter-bur are indi- 

 genous species. All the exotic species 

 are, however, hardy. Name from limit, 

 cough, because it (T. farfara) relieves 

 coughs, and is used as tea for diseases of 

 the chest. 



TU'TEXAG. 1. In commerce, a Chinese 

 word, used to designate the zinc or spelter 



of China. 2. The metallic compound 



brought from China, called Chinese cop- 

 per, or packfong. 



TU'TIA. A Persian name for the grey 

 oxide of zinc : Cadmia, or Cadmia factitia, 

 popularly tutty (q.v.). 



TUT'TI, ) An Italian term, used in music, 



TUT'TO. I to signify that all the parts 

 are to be played together in full concert. 



TUT'TY (from tutia). The grey oxide 

 of zinc, generally formed when zinc, 

 blende, &c., are subjected to a high heat 

 in a furnace : the tutty sublimes and 

 encrusts in the chimney. 



TWICE'-LAIDCOR'DAGE. In ship-rigging, 

 cordage made of the cast rigging worked 

 up again. 



TWINE. A strong thread composed of 

 three strands twisted together. 



TYM'BAL. In music, a kettle-drum. 

 This consists of two metallic globes, 

 covered with parchment, and beaten 

 with two round mallets. 



TYM'PAN. Tympanum. 1. A drum : 

 hence the barrel or hollow part of 

 the ear, behind the membrane of the 



tympanum. 2. In architecture, the area 



of a pediment, being that part which is 

 on a level with the naked of the frieze. 

 Also the part of a pedestal called other- 

 wise the trunk or dye. The tympan of 

 an arch is a triangular tube or space, 

 placed in its corners, usually hollow, and 

 enriched with ornaments ^js foliage, &c. 



3. In printing, a frauIT covered with 



parchment, on which the blank sheets 

 are put in order to be laid on the form to 

 he impressed. 4. In botany, a mem- 

 brane stretched across the mouth of the 

 thoca of a moss. 



TYM'PANT. Tympanites. Drum-belly. 

 An elastic distension of the abdomen, 

 which sounds like a drum (tympanum) 

 when struck ; attended with costiveness 

 and atrophy. 



Tvpr.Lat. typus ; Gr. rv-nx;. A sign, 

 symbol, or mark of something. 1. The term 

 is applied in natural history to the most 

 s-tronaly characterised species or genus 



of a group of plants or animals. 2. lu 



letter- casting in type-mct&l. 



lui whicn admits of no ornaments and Types are named according to theii sizea; 



