CON 



SUPPLEMENT. 



COO 



CONDUIT, a water-pipe, or passage for the announced, that everything passing from 

 distribution of water. In architecture this one state to another passes through alt 

 expression signifies a narrow and generally the intermediate states. Galileo, however, 

 subterranean passage, secretly conimuni- had laid down its application to motion, and 

 eating between different parts of a building ascribed it to Plato, though Leibnitz first ex- 

 or separate apartments. tended its application to the testing of alleged 



CONE OF RAYS, a similar expression to laws of nature and their consistency. 

 " pencil of rays," signifying all the rays CONTORNIATI, medals marked with peculiar 

 diverging from a luminous point and falling furrows, called contorni by the Italians, and 

 on a given surface. "Pencil of rajs" is a composed of bronze with a fiat impression, sup- 

 reconverging cone of rays falling on a point posed to have been tickets of admission to the 

 of a surface or focus, occasioned by the public games, struck in the reign of Constan- 

 interposition of some lenticular medium, tine the Great and his more immediate suc- 

 Cone and pencil ar frequently used as cessors. They are impressed with figures of 

 convertible terms. I emperors and other eminent men. 



CONFLICT OF LAWS, that variation of or: CONTOUR, the outlines or external lines of 

 inconsistency in the laws of different states a figure. 



to which individuals are subject who have CONVENTICLE, a term first contemptuously 

 acquired legal rights and interests subject to applied to the assemblies of Wycliffe's fol- 

 the jurisdiction of different governments. ; lowers met, for Divine worship, and latterly 



CONGE, the French name for the quarter ! to the meeting-places of Dissenters. The word 

 round or Echinus moulding, which is called was, however, used by the ancient ecclesias- 

 " the swelling cong6." " The hollow cong6 " . tical writers as properly signifying a church. 

 is the Cavetto. j ^ CONVERSION, a term synonymous with 



CONIA, or CONINE, an intensely poisonous " regeneration " in the system of Christian 

 alkaloid, obtained by distilling hemlock, salvation. It is that spiritual change in the 

 Conium maculatum, with alkaline water, human soul by which it becomes divinely 

 It is a colourless and acrid volatile oil with enlightened as to the truths of the Chris- 

 a very strong odour. tian atonement, and God's free forgiveness 



CONOIDAL, shaped like a conoid. It has of sin on the ground of that great and 

 been much used in modern gunnery in finished work of redemption, 

 describing detonating shells and shot with Co ORDINATE GEOMETRY, the system of 

 a cylindrical body and couoidal point or head, analytical geometry invented by Descartes, 



CONSOLIDATED FUND. The Exchequers ad applied to the solution of geometrical 

 of Great Britain and Ireland, which, pre- problems, and by which the positions of 

 Tiously separate, were, on January 5th, 1816, points are determined, and the forms of 

 consolidated into one, were on their con- curves and surfaces defined and classified 

 solidation accompanied by an Act of Par- by means of Co-ordinates. Some idea of this 

 liament appropriating certain portions of system, as far as the present limits will allow, 

 the joint revenue to one fund called thence- may be obtained by a consideration of the fcl- 

 forward the Consolidated Fund, out of lowing figure, in which the position of a point 

 which the public debts, civil lists, and cer- P is represented with reference to O, called 

 tain other expenses of both Great Britain the Origin, by means of Co-ordinates, 

 and Ireland were paid. The Consolidated* Y 



Fund includes the greater portion of the 

 revenues of the two kingdoms. 



CONSTITUTIONS OF CLARENDON, certain 

 definitions of the limits of civil and eccle- 

 siastical jurisdiction, framed at a Council 

 held by Henry II. of England at Clar.ndou, 

 near Salisbury. 



CONSTITUTIONS ROMAN. The decrees of 

 the Roman emperors, including those by 

 edict or letter, received tMs name, which 

 was also applied to the decrees of pnetors 

 and other duly constituted authorities. 



CONSTITUTIONS APOSTOLICAL, a series of 

 regulations of the doctrine and discipline of! 

 the Church, collected by Clemens Romanus, I 

 and maintained by some, but without the 

 slightest evidence, to have been promulgated) 

 by the Apostles. At one period they seem ' 

 to have been admitted into the Canon of 

 Scripture, but were subsequently rejected. 

 Bee TRADITIONS. 



CONTINUITY, LAW OF, a law which 

 Leibuitz claims the merit of having first 



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