COS 



SUPPLEMENT. 



CUB 



COSMICAL AND ACRONYCAL, any hea-i COURTS OF INQUIRY, courts held under 

 Tenly body which rises or sets at the same royal Authority to inquire into the conduct 

 time as the sun is said to rise or set cosmi-[of military and naval officers, distinct from 



cally. If it rises when the sun sets, or sets 

 as the sun rises, it is said to rise or set 

 " acronycally," or at opposite times. 



COSMOGONY. The different theories of 

 the origin of the universe are called " cos- 

 mogonies." 



COSMOGRAPHY, that branch of science which 



treats of the figure, construct! 



!id arrange- 



courts martial. 



Cow TREES, several trees have received 

 this name ; as the Galactodendron utile or 

 Brosimwn Galactodendron, the Palo de 

 Vaca of South America ; also the Clusia 

 Galactodendron, Finis Saussureana, and 

 Tabemcemoritana utilis. 



COWITCH, or COWHAGE, the spicul-ce or 

 hairs on the stvd-pods of Mucuna Prurient 

 of the West ladies. It has been used as a 

 vermifuge in the form of an electuary, but 



inent of all the various parts of the world. 



Coss, RULE OF, the name given to algebra 

 on its first introduction into England. It is 



supposed to be derived from the Italian cosa, j is inferior to many other remedies for 

 " a thing," and to have signified " the rule 

 of the thing," the unknown quantity being 

 called " the thing," or cosa. The word cossic 

 in old writers has reference to this. 



COSTAL, pertaining to the 



COTHAM MARBLE, a pale grey lias lime- 

 stone found at Cotham, near Bristol, and 

 elsewhere, and exhibiting curious picturesque 

 dendritic markings when cut transversely. 



ancient tragic actors, to increase their 

 height. It is used as an old classical meta- 

 phor, signifying the tragic art itself. 

 COTTABUS, a game played by the ancient 



worms. 



COXSWAIN, the steersman and commander 

 for the time of a boat's crew. 



CREDIT FONCIER, a financial system for 

 supplying sums for the improvement of 

 estates on the joint guarantee of the sub- 

 scribers to the asso iation and the security of 

 the particular estates. 



CREDIT MOBILIER, a great financial 

 COTHURNUS, the high buskin of the scheme sanctioned by the French Govern- 



1852 for originating trading 

 enterprises of all kinds on the principle of 

 limited liability, buying up existing com- 

 panies, and, in the case of joint-stock corn- 



Greeks, consisting of throwing wine inio panies, substituting their own scrip and 

 little basins of metal from their cups with- shares for the scrip and obligations of such 

 out spilling, and producing particular companies, and also for being bankers and 

 sounds, &c. The basins were sometimes stock-jobbers on the limited liability 

 suspended, and at others floated in a larger , principle. 



basin of water. CREMATION, the custom of burning the 



COTTIER SYSTEM, a system of Irish land dead, practised by the ancients and 

 tenure of the most mischievous and socially attempted to be restored in modern times 

 depressing character, by which the peasant ; from sanatory considerations. It was never 

 rented a portion of soil from th owner I a practice of nations under the guidance of 

 annually, the lots being put up to auction :j revelation, and seems to be repugnant to 

 but so inadequate in amount to the actual i Christian sentiment; and the keeping of 

 wants of the population, that they were bid cinerary urns proposed by some in conix-c- 



for far beyond their value ; and, the rent 

 not being forthcoming at the end of the 



tion with it, unless in cemeteries or places 

 publicly provided for the purpose, would be 



occupancy, as much of it was wrung out of a practical inconvenience apt to degenerate 

 the miserable tenant as oppression and 'into irreverence. What change it would 

 extortion could obtain. A cottier has been ; call for in the funeral service of the Epi?- 

 known, from the extremity to which he was : copal Churches we are not yet required to 

 put for land, as the only means of subsistence , contemplate. 



open to him, to bid as much at auction, in | CRKNEL, the aperture of a battlement in 

 competition with others equally necessitous, i Gothic fortification. S<'e CRENELLE. Cre- 

 as nine times the actual rent value of his nellated parapets became toward the end of 

 farm, as appears from the report of Lord the mediaeval period common in all kinds of 

 Devon's Commission. i buildings. 



COTUNNITE, native chloride of lead found! CRETINS, a class of idiots afflicted gene- 

 in the crater and recent lavas of Vesuvius. rally with goitres. Wiey art numerous in 



COUCH, the part of a malting floor on the Valais. 



which barley is spread out : also the CRIBBLE, a screen, or coarse si<-v , also a 

 moistened barley spread out for malting coarse sort of rneal. 

 upon it. I CRITICAL PHILOSOPHY, a term soroe- 



Coucn GRASS, the Triticum repent, a times applied to the metaphysic.il system of 

 rigorous variety of grass whose propagation Kant. 



by rapidly growing underground rhizomes CI/BE ORE, native hjdrated arseniate of 

 makes it a very vexatious weed. iron in cube crystals. 



COUPLING, mechanical arrangements for CUBEBS, the berries of Java pepper, 

 connecting and disconnecting parts of Cubeba officinalis. As a stomachic adminis- 

 maehinerr tered in a dose of two to three innhuis in 



