Met veh dex are of a 
roux. of the lustre, which they acquire when dead, an 
FUCL 
ot reddish, and iring lustre on expo- 
Nene air. W Far a yh the Flori- 
ish red colour, but have nothin 
have been exposed for some time, in a moist 
_ State, to the action of light and.air, so as that a degree 
of fermentation may be excited. It is in this order 
that the double mode of fructification (afterwards de- 
scribed) is chiefly to be observed. The leaves of the 
Florideware flat expansions, divided rather than branch- 
ed, proceeding from a cylindrical stem, fixed by a disc 
more convex and less extensive than that of the Fuca- 
cex. The leaf is just an expansion or continuation of 
the stem, and it is sometimes difficult to assign the re- 
spective limits of these All the flat portions are 
reckoned leaf, and all round or compressed _ parts, 
branch or stem. Some of the leaves have nerves, of a 
deeper colour than the rest of the leaf: in these, the 
fructification is situated on the nerves, or at their extre- 
mities. In leaves destitute of nerves, the fructification 
is spread over the surface of the leaf. The size of the 
Floridez is not considerable, none of them much ex- 
ceeding two feet in length. Lamouroux considers them 
all. as annual or biennial productions. : 
He makes two divisions: Ist, With flat leaves, Clau- 
dea, Delesseria, Chondrus : 2d, With cylindrical leaves, 
and wanting leaves, Gelidium, Laurencia, .Hypnea, 
Acanthophora, Dumontia, Gigartina, Plocamium, and 
Champia. mis 
~ 1, Claudea. «« Tibercles in a shaped receptacle, 
which is attached to the nerve masrovgae ss caten 2 
There is only one species, Clandeaelegans, which, accord- 
ing to Lamouroux, is the most beautiful of all sea-weeds, 
for variety of colour, elegance of shape, and delicacy of 
organization, It is certainly the most curious of all the 
tribe. (See Plate CCLXI. Fig. 1, 2,3.) It was found 
on the coast of New Holland by the unfortunate Peron. 
The frond consists of a very fine membrane, which when 
dried is almost invisible to the naked eye, crossed by 
nerves forming a net-work. The fructification, as sta- 
ted in the. generie character, consists of rows of siliques, 
suspended by the two extremities between. parallel 
nerves. . Dried. specimens exhibit fine tints of red, 
green, yellow, and violet, passing into each other in the 
most pleasing manner. It is figured in Annales du Mu- 
seum, tom. 20. pl. 8. fig. 2. from whenee our figure in 
Plate CCLXI.is copied. It is always desirable that a 
eric name should, if possible, s' t some idea of 
kind of plant intended ; but although this could 
easily have been accomplished in the present case, the 
unmeaning title of Claudea has been imposed ;—bor- 
rowed, we are told, from the Christian name of La- 
mouroux’s father, C/aude, and a better proof, surely, 
of filial attachment than of judicious nomenclature, 
«2. Delesseria. « Tubercles spherical, generally com- 
pressed, somewhat like grape-stones (subgigartina), in- 
nate, sessile, or pedunculated, situated on the nerves, 
the branches, the margin of the leaves, or scattered on 
their surface.”—The colours are varied and brilliant. 
From rose-colour, or even bright scarlet, they descend 
to dark: brown, passing through notions: Pee violet, 
when 
and le. Many of them are. parasitical on the larger 
‘sea-weeds, The genus is subdivided into three sections. 
a. With a single longitudinal nerve, simple or branch- 
ed.—This includes. several beautiful species, common 
‘on all our shores, F, sanguineus, ‘sinuosus, alatus, and 
dentatus; with F. ruscifolius, (Turn. t. 15,) found on 
the south coast of England. Seat of the first of 
these, F, sanguineus, Mr Turner remarks, that “ in the 
7 
elegance of-its appearance, and the exquisite colour of 
its. most delicate ely veined leaves, this plant so much ex- 
cels all its congeners, that it carries away the palm with 
no less justice from the vegetables of the ocean, than 
the rose, the flower of the poets, from its rivals in the 
arden.” 
, 6. With the longitudinal nerves. buried in the sub- 
stance of the leaves. _ This takes in F. rubens and la- 
ceratus, found on our shores. The former is admirabl 
described and figured by Lightfoot, in the Flora Scott- 
ca, vol, ii. p. 949. t. 30. under the title of F. prolifer. 
The latter is one of the variable fuci, Mr Turner (Hist. 
Fue. t. 68.) describing no fewer than eight varieties. 
It is F. endiviefolius of the Flora Scotica, t. 32. 
and it is to be observed that the longitudinal veins not 
being readily perceived, have been overlooked by Light- 
foot and others. 
c. Without any nerve or midrib, This includes the 
well-known F., palmatus, or dilse of Scotland, with the 
remarkably variable F. ciliatus, (Zurn. t. 70.) which is 
also eaten; as well as F. edulis, (t. 114.) which, as im~ 
ied in the trivial name, is considered as fit for food. 
. Brodizi of Turner, t. 72. likewise falls under this 
section: this species was found on the shores of 
Nairnshire, by Me Brodie of Brodie, who likewise de- 
tected its fructification, and ascertained the specific dif- 
ferences of the plant. 
3. Chondrus. ‘ Tubercles hemispherical or oval, si- 
tuated on the surface of the leaves, neyer on the edges 
nor the extremities; leaves flat, branched, sometimes 
mamillary.”——The generic name, it will be observed, 
is adopted from Stackhouse; but the character is chan- 
ged. The small black lichen-like fucus, F. pygmeus, 
which covers many of our sandstone and greenstone 
rocks at high-water mark, belongs to this genus. 
4. Gelidium: “ Tubercles nearly opake, oblong, situ- 
ated on the branches or at their extremities.” The ge- 
neric name is derived from the quality which the plants 
possess, of being almost entirely reduced to a gelatinous 
substance, by boiling or maceration. The foreign spe- 
cies of which the swallows in India construct the edi- 
ble nests, Lamouroux considers as belonging to this 
genus. F, corneus (Stackh, p. 61. t. 12.) and F, co- 
ronopffolius (Zurn. t.. 122.) rarely found on the Eng- 
lish coast, are likewise gelidia. 
5. Laurencia: “ Tubercles globular, somewhat like 
stones, situated at the extremities of the branches 
and their divisions.” F. pinnatifidus, the pepper-dilse 
of Scotland, may be mentioned as an example. 
6. Hypnea: “ Tubercles subulated, almost opake.” 
This is named from its general resemblance to the 
branched mosses or hypnums ; but the fructification is 
not readily seen without a lens. F. Wigghii, (Turn. t. 
103) belongs to this genus.- All the species are an« 
nuals, 
7. Acanthophora : “ Tubercles roundish, and spiny.” 
‘The species of this genus are equatorial plants, in gene- 
ral ap nce resembling Hypnex. 
8. zw 266 cag solitary, scattered, innate in 
the substance of the plant; stem and branches fistular.” 
The species are all of very delicate structure, and annuals. 
9. Gigartina: “ Tubercles spherical or hemispheri- 
cal, sessile, like grape-stones, filled with a semitran 
rent mucilaginous substance ; stem uniformly cylindri- 
cal.”—This includes most of the genus Ceramium of 
Roth. It is divided into three sections, 
a. With distinct leaves; as F. subfuscus (Turn. t. 10.) 
and tenuissimus, (t. 100.), not uncommon on our 
shores, 
—\— 
Method of 
Lamou- 
roux, 
F LoRI- 
DEA, 
Chondrus. 
Gelidium, 
Laurencia 
Hypnea. 
Acantho- 
phora. 
Dumontia. 
Gigartina. 
