48 
stalk, about five or six inches high and one'thick, of 
a waxelike friable substance, and most feetid cadaverous 
smell; conic at each end, the base inserted in a white, 
concave, membranaceous, turbinated cup, and the sum- 
mit crowned with a hollow conical cap, an inch long, 
having a reticulated cellular surface, its base detached 
from the stalk, and its summit umbilicated, and either 
perforated or closed. The under side of this cap is « 
covered with a clear, viscid, gelatinous matter, similar 
to that found between the membranes of the wrapper ; 
and under this viscid matter,. concealed in reticulated 
receptacles, are found the seeds ; which, when magni- 
fied, appear spherical. . As soon as the wrapper bursts, 
the plant begins to diffuse its intolerable odours, which 
are so .powerful, and widely expanded, that .it may be 
readily discovered by the scent only, before it appears 
to the sight. At this time, the viscid matter between 
the coats of the wrapper grows turbid and fuscous ; 
and when the plant arrives at its full maturity; the clear 
viscid substance in the cap becomes gradually disco- 
loured, .putrid, and extremely fcetid, and soon after- 
wards turns blackish, and, together with the internal 
part of the cap, melts away. It is common in woods 
and hedges. : : 
Genus XXII.Cuaturus. The receptacle for the seeds 
in this genus is formed of fleshy, arched, anastamosing 
branches, which form a kind of vault. The branches 
emit, on all sides, a viscous liquor, concealing the seeds; 
the receptacle is inclosed in a wrapper in the young 
state of the plant, ; PAu 
Clathrus cancellatus, Bull. p. 190, tab) 441. This 
plant is sessile, globular, and white. The wrapper soon 
breaks from the summit, and discloses the receptacle or 
cap,. which is often of. a red colour. . The branches of 
the receptacle form an ovoid vault. The séeds are 
mixed with a stinking liquor. It is found on sandy 
‘grounds, and in dry woods, in the middle parts of Eu- 
rope. 
TRIBE If. ANGIOCARPE 
Famity I. No.peridium, the plants parasitical,. pro- 
tected, when young, by the epidermis of the plant-upon 
which they grow. 
Genus XXIII.Gymnosporanaium. The plants of this 
genus exhibit a gelatinous mass, at the surface of which 
seed vessels are found, composed of two conical cells, 
joined at the base, and_separating at maturity. These 
capsules are placed at the summit of weak slender fila- 
ments, which proceed from. the base, and ‘traverse the 
gelatinous mass. All the plants of this genus are para- 
sitical on the different species of junipers, _ 
Gymnosporangium fuscum. Tremella sabinee. Dicks. 
Crypt. i. p.14, This is of a reddish or brown colour, 
issuing from beneath the epidermis'on which it grows. 
‘It is somewhat narrow at the base, almost cylindrical, 
obtuse, sometimes marked by a longitudinal groove, 
Its consistence is a little gelatinotis. The microscope 
discovers, on the surface, numerotis seed vessels, sup- 
ported by slender filaments, proceeding’ from the base 
-} the plant. It grows upon the ‘Juniperus sabina, 
c, 
Grnus XXIV. Pvecinia. The plants of this’ ge- 
nus present themselyes under the form’ of conipact ge- 
latinous tubercles, upon which the’ seed vesséls’ are 
raised ; these are supported upon stiff stems, aré in ge- 
neral divided into two or more cells, by transverse par- 
FUNGI 
titions, and emit the seed’ by the summit, or by the F 
sides. They grow upon the leavesand_ ‘shoots'of 
plants, sometimes under the, epidewiat acts they 
pierce in order to reach the air, and. i 
the epidermis itself, In autumn. there is scarcely a pl: 
that. is not infected with these  parasites.; They are di- 
vided into three sections, «2 5s ye 
Sect. 1.. With three or four. cells. | Puccinia rubi. © 
Sower. tab. 400, fig. 9... This is a'very common plant, 
growing on the under side of the leaves of the common 
bramble in autumn, spotting their backs. with little 
sooty-looking clusters; which, when.magnified, are 
found to consist of a number of transparent stems, ta- 
pering upwards, each with three or four oval heads, 
resembling little black beads placed on each other, the 
uppermost somewhat acute atthe apex. —. uy 
Sect. 2, With two cells. Puccinia graminis. The 
Uredo frumenti of Sower.; tab. 140.) This ‘species, too 
well known in this spaneay von the name stipe he grows 
on the leaves and stalks of various species « ina 
thereby stinting and weakening the plant. Tc ees 
Jinear patches, which are at first yellowish brown, and 
afterwards become black ; the seed vessels are support~ 
ed on short stems, somewhat clavate; the cells are two 
in number, the one at. the extremity somewhat larger 
than the other. | It is common on wheat, in low grounds, 
or where too closely sown,’ especially after rain in the 
early part of autumn. hi i erp 
, Secrs 3. With sone cell.., Puecinia pisi. Sower, 
tab. 393, fig.8. This parasite attacks the stems, leaves, 
and tendrils, of the common pea. . It grows in brown 
pustules, which are alittle. prominent, and scattered 
oblong on the stem, , but aed on the leaves. . The 
epidermis is first raised, and afterwards bursts and forms 
a border around’the pustules, _ It consists of unilocular 
ovoid capsules, supported on very short stems... 
Genus XXV. 2 eine These grow in 
under the epidermis of dead. stalks, which they 
ey raise, Lar 
and afterwards burst, each group consisting of a mul- 
titude of articulated and sessile capsules. .These differ 
from the genera Puccinia and Uredo, in growing upon 
dead stalks, and not upon living leaves, _ a Tere 
Bullaria umbelliferarum.— Persoon’s Obs. Myc. . tab. 
2. fig. 5. . This species is common on the dead stalks 
of umbelliferous plants, growing under the epidermis, 
which it raises up in the form of an oval greyish blad- 
der, and then pierces; it! longitudinally ;\a reddish- 
brown mass may then be annewoe almost pulve- 
rulent, which presents, under t microscope, sessile 
capsules, separated into two cells. by a partition, or ra- 
ther a transverse stricture, giving them the form of the 
figure 8.» ne 
% 4 - Sere 
Genus XXVL Urepo. This genus exhibite merely 8 26. UR 
naked powder growing under the epidermis of living 
Jeaves, which’ it bursts, and issues by the orifice, the. 
torn margin resembling a small-re e; the seeds 
or capsules are ovoid or globular, without transverse 
partitions. In autumn these fungi are to be found on 
almost every leaf. Several species infest the willows. 
Sect. 1. Powder black, brown, or red. _Uredo sege« 
tum. Bull. page 90, tab. 472, fig. 2.. It is painful for 
us to record the name. of another parasitica) aa as 
destructive to our erops as the blight, but known by 
the name of Smut, and attacking the ears of wheat, 
oats, and barley. It consists of small herical glo- 
bules, a little adhering together, and of a brown or 
blackish colour. It grows under the epidermis, and 
sometimes destroys the whole parenchyma of the ear. 
§ 
SToups, 25. Bu 
